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Community Forest Management and REDD+
The urgent need to limit anthropogenic carbon emissions has led to a global initiative to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+). But, designing national architectures for REDD+ that integrate local actions on forests with national-level outcomes and do so effectively, efficiently, and equitably continues to be challenging. One option to facilitate the design and implementation of REDD+ is to learn from the experience of other programs that have historically been successful in achieving sustainable tropical forest management, such as community forest management (CFM). Lessons about the factors that contribute to CFM success will be useful in designing REDD+ progra...
Sharing Benefits from Carbon Finance
Carbon finance projects are often intended to be both a payment for an environmental service (PES) and an instrument to facilitate sustainable development in developing countries. To enhance livelihood objectives, these projects should benefit rural land users, provided they are willing and able to participate. This holds particularly true for forest carbon initiatives. However, high transaction costs and large uncertainties often bar local communities from making what are inherently long-term and often expensive investments. Uncertainties arise from ambiguous property rights, vague or rapidly changing government policies and unknown carbon market prices. Additionally, there are risks from h...
A View from the Top
It is well recognized that mountain ecosystems and their inhabitants are among the most vulnerable to climate change. Measuring the nature and scope of these vulnerabilities remains, however, a work-in-progress. This note develops an analytical framework that builds upon two existing approaches: The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC) climate change vulnerability concept and its components of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity; and the mountain specificities framework, which offers a set of vulnerability criteria that, are particularly prevalent in mountain settings. The framework also provides a number of sample indicators which form the basis for scalable vulnerability assessments to inform adaptation policies and measures.
Social and Institutional Barriers to Climate Change Mitigation in Agriculture
Agriculture is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions accounting for approximately 14 percent of total GHG emissions. However, unlike other sectors such as transport or energy, agriculture is potentially a significant carbon 'sink'. Moreover, because the majority of GHG emissions from agriculture originate in developing countries, early intervention could be highly cost-effective. This note examines the potential role of agriculture in climate change mitigation. It discusses: 1) the sector's current GHG emissions, 2) its potential to serve as a sink, 3) best management practices that can be adopted to mitigate climate change, and 4) social and institutional barriers to adopting agricultural mitigation measures, and ways to overcome them.
Development Centre Seminars Conflict Management in Africa A Permanent Challenge
This volume considers the options available to donors in the effort to prevent conflict and enhance prospects for peaceful social, economic and political development.
View from the Top
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Information Power
Modern information and communication technologies are reshaping the environment in which foreign policy and international relations are conducted. According to conventional wisdom the information revolution has increased the influence of non-state actors and undermined the authority of the nation-state. While there is mounting anecdotal evidence supporting this trend, the nature and scope of the transmission belt between technological change and political outcomes remain largely unexplored. This paper provides a framework for assessing the impact of the information revolution on power structures in international affairs. The ability to control information access is increasingly becoming a source of power. Shifting information between different access categories can be a deliberate policy tool, or the unintentional consequence of changes in the control of information infrastructures. The latter phenomenon has, in recent years, often taken the shape of a "denationalization" of state-controlled information infrastructures, facilitating shifts in information power away from state actors.
World Development Report 2010
In the crowded field of climate change reports, 'WDR 2010' uniquely: emphasizes development; takes an integrated look at adaptation and mitigation; highlights opportunities in the changing competitive landscape; and proposes policy solutions grounded in analytic work and in the context of the political economy of reform.
Information Systems in Developing Countries
In this volume, we go beyond the theoretical, the polemical and the philosophical to consider practical issues as they are encountered by stakeholders in the developing country context. 15 author teams explore key issues organized into four sections: (1) Theoretical Background and Culture; (2) Telecentres; (3) Applications; and (4) Key Concepts with Country Specific Studies. Examples of these applications are also described in chapters about Azerbaijan, Brazil, China, Fiji, India and Thailand. Published by City University of Hong Kong Press. 香港城市大學出版社出版。
