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This paper presents key findings of the assessment of progress made in the implementation of policies outlined in the Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS II, 2006–2009) for Ghana. The paper provides an assessment on programs such as the Multi Donor Budget Support, the linkage between the 2006 Annual Budget and the GPRS II, performance toward the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals, and the African Peer Review Mechanism. The paper also discusses macroeconomic performance and economic governance in Ghana.
The country has played a leading role in African affairs for decades, having been one of the first states to gain independence on the continent and serving as one of the key centres of pan-Africanism in the post-independence era. That role has continued in recent years, with Ghana playing a central part in regional organisations like ECOWAS and the African Union. Reliance on raw material exports, combined with an income-sensitive population and stubborn poverty levels in the northern regions of the country, have created complications, but Ghana has made significant progress in recent years and has begun to build the necessary foundations for long-term growth.
These include a more stable macroeconomic environment through the fiscal consolidation programme, a more favourable balance of trade buttressed by expanding oil exports and an increasingly sophisticated financial system, as evidenced by a soon-to-be-launched commodities exchange and increased integration with regional and international securities markets. Risks remain, however. High interest rates, inflation and public debt in the face of stubbornly low levels of private sector lending and insurance penetration will likely remain through 2017. Nonetheless, the government has demonstrated a commitment to undertaking the structural reforms that are necessary to bring down interest rates, stabilise the currency and get Ghana’s fiscal house in order.
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The 2020 edition of the OECD Pensions Outlook examines a series of policy options to help governments improve the sustainability and resilience of pension systems. It considers how to ensure that policy makers balance the trade-off between the short-term and long-term consequences of policy responses to COVID-19; how to determine and assess the adequacy of retirement income; how funded pension arrangements can support individuals in non-standard forms of work to save for retirement; how to select default investment strategies; how to address the potential negative consequences from frequent switching of investment strategies; and, how retirement income arrangements can share both the investment and longevity risks among different stakeholders in a sustainable manner. This edition also discusses how governments can communicate in a way that helps people choose their optimal investment strategies.