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Unity of Forces in the Universe
Vol. 1. I. Introduction -- II. Review of the standard 123 theory -- III. Grand unification -- IV. SO(10) -- V. Exceptional unification -- VI. Reality and complexity of the world -- VII. Proton decay -- VIII. Family problem and orthogonal unification -- IX. Fermion mass hierarchy -- Vol. 2. X.A short course in cosmology -- XI. Genesis of matter -- XII. Introduction to the theory of galaxy formation -- XIII. Neutrinos and galaxies -- XIV. Monopoles and inflation -- XV. Hierarchy, technicolor, supersymmetry, and variations -- XVI. Invisible axions -- XVII. Composite quarks and leptons -- XVIII. Gravity and grand unification
Unification of Fundamental Forces
Paul Adrian Maurice Dirac, one of the greatest physicists of the twentieth century, died in 1984. His college, St John's College, Cambridge, generously endowed annual lectures to be held at Cambridge University in his memory. This 1990 volume includes an expanded version of the third Dirac Memorial Lecture presented by Abdus Salam.
Unification and Supersymmetry
The theoretical understanding of elementary particle interactions has under gone a revolutionary change during the past one and a half decades. The spontaneously broken gauge theories, which in the 1970s emerged as a prime candidate for the description of electro-weak (as weIl as strong) interactions, have been confirmed by the discovery of neutral weak currents as weIl as the w- and Z-bosons. We now have a field theory of electro-weak interactions at energy scales below 100 GeV-the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam theory. It is a renormalizable theory which enables us to do calculations without en countering unnecessary divergences. The burning question now is: Wh at lies ahead at the next level of u...
The Grand Unified Theory
The Grand Unified Theory is the unification theory of the four fundamental forces of nature (gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, and weak nuclear force). It is through the interactions between these four forces of nature that everything in our universe is created, including our DNA and the cells that compose our body. Einstein spent much of the later part of his life trying to unify these forces, but without success. The grand unified theory is also called the theory of everything, because it is supposed to answer many fundamental questions about our universe. The questions such as, why does our universe exist? Why is our universe composed of three-dimensional space and not five or six? What is energy? Why is there conscious life in our universe? What is the function of life in the universal order?
