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Local Well-Posedness and Break-Down Criterion of the Incompressible Euler Equations with Free Boundary
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 132

Local Well-Posedness and Break-Down Criterion of the Incompressible Euler Equations with Free Boundary

In this paper, we prove the local well-posedness of the free boundary problem for the incompressible Euler equations in low regularity Sobolev spaces, in which the velocity is a Lipschitz function and the free surface belongs to C 3 2 +ε. Moreover, we also present a Beale-Kato-Majda type break-down criterion of smooth solution in terms of the mean curvature of the free surface, the gradient of the velocity and Taylor sign condition.

The 2D Compressible Euler Equations in Bounded Impermeable Domains with Corners
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 84

The 2D Compressible Euler Equations in Bounded Impermeable Domains with Corners

We study 2D compressible Euler flows in bounded impermeable domains whose boundary is smooth except for corners. We assume that the angles of the corners are small enough. Then we obtain local (in time) existence of solutions which keep the L2 Sobolev regularity of their Cauchy data, provided the external forces are sufficiently regular and suitable compatibility conditions are satisfied. Such a result is well known when there is no corner. Our proof relies on the study of associated linear problems. We also show that our results are rather sharp: we construct counterexamples in which the smallness condition on the angles is not fulfilled and which display a loss of L2 Sobolev regularity with respect to the Cauchy data and the external forces.

Gromov-Witten Theory of Quotients of Fermat Calabi-Yau Varieties
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 104

Gromov-Witten Theory of Quotients of Fermat Calabi-Yau Varieties

Gromov-Witten theory started as an attempt to provide a rigorous mathematical foundation for the so-called A-model topological string theory of Calabi-Yau varieties. Even though it can be defined for all the Kähler/symplectic manifolds, the theory on Calabi-Yau varieties remains the most difficult one. In fact, a great deal of techniques were developed for non-Calabi-Yau varieties during the last twenty years. These techniques have only limited bearing on the Calabi-Yau cases. In a certain sense, Calabi-Yau cases are very special too. There are two outstanding problems for the Gromov-Witten theory of Calabi-Yau varieties and they are the focus of our investigation.

Theory of Fundamental Bessel Functions of High Rank
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 138

Theory of Fundamental Bessel Functions of High Rank

In this article, the author studies fundamental Bessel functions for $mathrm{GL}_n(mathbb F)$ arising from the Voronoí summation formula for any rank $n$ and field $mathbb F = mathbb R$ or $mathbb C$, with focus on developing their analytic and asymptotic theory. The main implements and subjects of this study of fundamental Bessel functions are their formal integral representations and Bessel differential equations. The author proves the asymptotic formulae for fundamental Bessel functions and explicit connection formulae for the Bessel differential equations.

Double Affine Hecke Algebras and Congruence Groups
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 108

Double Affine Hecke Algebras and Congruence Groups

The most general construction of double affine Artin groups (DAAG) and Hecke algebras (DAHA) associates such objects to pairs of compatible reductive group data. We show that DAAG/DAHA always admit a faithful action by auto-morphisms of a finite index subgroup of the Artin group of type A2, which descends to a faithful outer action of a congruence subgroup of SL(2, Z)or PSL(2, Z). This was previously known only in some special cases and, to the best of our knowledge, not even conjectured to hold in full generality. It turns out that the structural intricacies of DAAG/DAHA are captured by the underlying semisimple data and, to a large extent, even by adjoint data; we prove our main result by...

Linear Dynamical Systems on Hilbert Spaces: Typical Properties and Explicit Examples
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 160

Linear Dynamical Systems on Hilbert Spaces: Typical Properties and Explicit Examples

We solve a number of questions pertaining to the dynamics of linear operators on Hilbert spaces, sometimes by using Baire category arguments and sometimes by constructing explicit examples. In particular, we prove the following results. (i) A typical hypercyclic operator is not topologically mixing, has no eigen-values and admits no non-trivial invariant measure, but is densely distri-butionally chaotic. (ii) A typical upper-triangular operator with coefficients of modulus 1 on the diagonal is ergodic in the Gaussian sense, whereas a typical operator of the form “diagonal with coefficients of modulus 1 on the diagonal plus backward unilateral weighted shift” is ergodic but has only count...

Bounded Littlewood Identities
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 129

Bounded Littlewood Identities

We describe a method, based on the theory of Macdonald–Koornwinder polynomials, for proving bounded Littlewood identities. Our approach provides an alternative to Macdonald’s partial fraction technique and results in the first examples of bounded Littlewood identities for Macdonald polynomials. These identities, which take the form of decomposition formulas for Macdonald polynomials of type (R, S) in terms of ordinary Macdonald polynomials, are q, t-analogues of known branching formulas for characters of the symplectic, orthogonal and special orthogonal groups. In the classical limit, our method implies that MacMahon’s famous ex-conjecture for the generating function of symmetric plane partitions in a box follows from the identification of GL(n, R), O(n) as a Gelfand pair. As further applications, we obtain combinatorial formulas for characters of affine Lie algebras; Rogers–Ramanujan identities for affine Lie algebras, complementing recent results of Griffin et al.; and quadratic transformation formulas for Kaneko–Macdonald-type basic hypergeometric series.

Conformal Symmetry Breaking Differential Operators on Differential Forms
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 124

Conformal Symmetry Breaking Differential Operators on Differential Forms

We study conformal symmetry breaking differential operators which map dif-ferential forms on Rn to differential forms on a codimension one subspace Rn−1. These operators are equivariant with respect to the conformal Lie algebra of the subspace Rn−1. They correspond to homomorphisms of generalized Verma mod-ules for so(n, 1) into generalized Verma modules for so(n+1, 1) both being induced from fundamental form representations of a parabolic subalgebra. We apply the F -method to derive explicit formulas for such homomorphisms. In particular, we find explicit formulas for the generators of the intertwining operators of the re-lated branching problems restricting generalized Verma modules...

C-Projective Geometry
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 150

C-Projective Geometry

The authors develop in detail the theory of (almost) c-projective geometry, a natural analogue of projective differential geometry adapted to (almost) complex manifolds. The authors realise it as a type of parabolic geometry and describe the associated Cartan or tractor connection. A Kähler manifold gives rise to a c-projective structure and this is one of the primary motivations for its study. The existence of two or more Kähler metrics underlying a given c-projective structure has many ramifications, which the authors explore in depth. As a consequence of this analysis, they prove the Yano–Obata Conjecture for complete Kähler manifolds: if such a manifold admits a one parameter group of c-projective transformations that are not affine, then it is complex projective space, equipped with a multiple of the Fubini-Study metric.

The Irreducible Subgroups of Exceptional Algebraic Groups
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 204

The Irreducible Subgroups of Exceptional Algebraic Groups

This paper is a contribution to the study of the subgroup structure of excep-tional algebraic groups over algebraically closed fields of arbitrary characteristic. Following Serre, a closed subgroup of a semisimple algebraic group G is called irreducible if it lies in no proper parabolic subgroup of G. In this paper we com-plete the classification of irreducible connected subgroups of exceptional algebraic groups, providing an explicit set of representatives for the conjugacy classes of such subgroups. Many consequences of this classification are also given. These include results concerning the representations of such subgroups on various G-modules: for example, the conjugacy classes of ir...