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Demokratiemessung
Der Bedarf an der Demokratiemessung ist in der vergleichenden Politikwissenschaft in den letzten Jahren merklich gestiegen. Doch zugleich wurde in vielen demokratietheoretischen Debatten der Aspekt der Operationalisierung der vorgeschlagenen Demokratiemodelle zu stark vernachlässigt. Weder wurde stets eine empirische Überprüfung angestrebt, noch konnte die allgemeine Frage: "Wie demokratisch ist ein bestimmtes politisches System?" angemessen behandelt werden. Die rasch wachsende Zahl von verschiedenen Konzepten zur Demokratiemessung bedarf ihrerseits einer tieferen theoretischen und methodischen Reflexion: Welches Demokratieverständnis wird zugrunde gelegt; wie erfolgt die Operationalisierung und Messung; welches sind die empirischen Befunde und wie valide sind die Ergebnisse? Die Beiträge dieses Bandes möchten diese Fragen beantworten und präsentieren darüber hinaus eigene Vorschläge zu einer differenzierenden Weiterentwicklung der Demokratiemessung.
Regression of Democracy?
Democratization since the implosion of the communist bloc displays a mixed balance. While the neo-democracies in Central Eastern European Countries can be seen as largely consolidated, many other processes of democratization in other parts of the world such as Africa, Asia and Latin America got stuck as unconsolidated or became defective democracies, some ‘regressed’ into hybrid regimes or were even turned into autocracies. While transitology dealt with the transition from authoritarian rule, the reverse process, the transition from democratic rule, remained almost completely outside the scholarly attention. This special issue will address the problems of the regression of democracy and aims at closing the gap between research on democracy and democratization on one side and the emergence of authoritarian regimes on the other. The contributions of this volume analyse the different phenomena in which decline of democracy fans out: the loss of quality, which means a silent regression; the backslide into hybrid regimes (hybridization); and the breakdown of democracy.
Democratization and Competitive Authoritarianism in Africa
The special issue revisits Levitsky and Way’s seminal study on Competitive Authoritarianism (2010). The contributions by North American, European, and African scholars deepen our understanding of the emergence, trajectories, and outcomes of hybrid regimes across the African continent.
Local Self-Governance in Antiquity and in the Global South
The nucleus of society is situated at the local level: in the village, the neighborhood, the city district. This is where a community first develops collective rules that are intended to ensure its continued existence. The contributors look at such configurations in geographical areas and time periods that lie outside of the modern Western world with its particular development of society and statehood: in Antiquity and in the Global South of the present. Here states tend to be weak, with obvious challenges and opportunities for local communities. How does governance in this context work? Scholars from various disciplines (Classics, Theology, Political Science, Sociology, Social Anthropology,...
On the Correlation of Center and Periphery
The analysis of the relationship between center and periphery is one of many theoretical approaches found in all fields of the Humanities. Looking at this special relationship from several disciplinary perspectives is an effective methodology for establishing connections between various fields of study. Consequently, the issue contains articles dealing with, among others, the Russian enterprise in Alaska, German polar exploration, gender in Islamic contexts in Europe, labor relations, 'economic securitization', cultural nationalism in Ghana, and Robert Rodriguez's movie Machete. The historical perspective of cultural reception, the economic relationship between central and peripheral areas a...
Handbook of Research on Artificial Intelligence, Innovation and Entrepreneurship
The Handbook of Research on Artificial Intelligence, Innovation and Entrepreneurship focuses on theories, policies, practices, and politics of technology innovation and entrepreneurship based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). It examines when, where, how, and why AI triggers, catalyzes, and accelerates the development, exploration, exploitation, and invention feeding into entrepreneurial actions that result in innovation success.
Requisites of Democracy
This book examines theoretical and empirical approaches to measuring, defining and understanding democracy, and brings together the conceptual and theoretical writings of Joseph Schumpeter, Robert A. Dahl, Guillermo O’Donnell, and T. H. Marshal.
Teaching Political Sociology
Drawing on the diverse experience of a team of internationally recognised specialists, Teaching Political Sociology provides educators with a concise and accessible guide to the main topic areas likely to form part of term, semester, or year-long courses in political sociology.
Politics of Difference
This book develops a notion of differences and 'otherness' beyond hegemonic and hierarchical thinking as represented by the legacies of Western philosophical and political thought. In doing so, it relates to the phenomenological discourse of the twentieth century, especially to Georg Simmel, Alfred Schütz, Emmanual Lévinas, and Jacques Derrida, and drafts our understanding of difference as a genuine human experience of a social and political world that is in motion and transformative, rather than static and predictable. On this basis of temporalized ontology and its normative consequences, differences are drafted as a positive social and political force and as powerful capacities of transformation and change. In practical terms, this understanding is most important for our theorizing and acting upon peace, peace-building, and conflict solution. Differences now appear not as obstacle to peace and reconciliation, but as lively and constructive articulations of 'otherness' and as a positive power of transformation, emancipation, and change. This book will be of interest to students of international relations, philosophy and political theory.
Social Capital in Europe - Similarity of Countries and Diversity of People?
Social capital is not only usefel for the person who owns it, but it may also foster the integration of a society and the stability of a democracy. Friendly relations, social trust and norms of reciprocity ease the living together in a society and encourage people to take part in democratic decision making. This volume examines the differences in levels, causes and consequences of social capital between 22 European countries surveyed in the 2002 European Social Survey. At first glance, social capital differs strongly between countries. Yet the determinants of social capital differ strongly between European people as well. If one takes account of the latter, the former may no longer appear so large. The volume asks whether this is indeed the case so that a similiarity of countries goes along with a diversity of people. To examine this, muliti-level analyses are used in each contribution.
