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Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 385

Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions

This book describes two main classes of non-equilibrium phase-transitions: static and dynamics of transitions into an absorbing state, and dynamical scaling in far-from-equilibrium relaxation behavior and ageing.

The Physics of Granular Media
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 364

The Physics of Granular Media

Despite extensive empirical experience, there is both a scientific challenge and a technological need to develop an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the flow of grains. This new reference provides quick access to the current level of knowledge, containing review articles covering recent developments in the field of granular media from the viewpoints of applied, experimental, and theoretical physics. In short, a must-have for advanced researchers and specialists as well as a useful starting point for anyone entering this field. The authors represent different directions of research in the field, with their contributions covering: - Static properties - Granular gases - Dense granular flow - Hydrodynamic interactions - Charged and magnetic granular matter - Computational aspects

Complex Networks IV
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 198

Complex Networks IV

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2013-02-19
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  • Publisher: Springer

A network is a mathematical object consisting of a set of points (called vertices or nodes) that are connected to each other in some fashion by lines (called edges). Turns out this simple description corresponds to a bewildering array of systems in the real world, ranging from technological ones such as the Internet and World Wide Web, biological networks such as that of connections of the nervous systems or blood vessels, food webs, protein interactions, infrastructural systems such as networks of roads, airports or the power-grid, to patterns of social acquaintance such as friendship, network of Hollywood actors, connections between business houses and many more. Recent years have witnesse...

Ageing and the Glass Transition
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 361

Ageing and the Glass Transition

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2007-04-11
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  • Publisher: Springer

Understanding cooperative phenomena far from equilibrium is one of the fascinating challenges of present-day many-body physics. Glassy behaviour and the physical ageing process of such materials are paradigmatic examples. The present volume, primarily intended as introduction and reference, collects six extensive lectures addressing selected experimental and theoretical issues in the field of glassy systems.

Granular Patterns
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 368

Granular Patterns

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2009-03-12
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  • Publisher: OUP Oxford

This book is a systematic introduction to a new and exciting field of patterns in granular matter. Granular materials are collections of discrete macroscopic solid grains with a typical size large enough that thermal fluctuations are negligible. Despite this seeming simplicity, properties of granular materials are different from conventional solids, liquids and gases due to the dissipative and highly nonlinear nature of forces among grains. The last decade has seen an explosion of interest to nonequilibrium phenomena in granular matter among physicists, both on the experimental and theoretical side. Among these phenomena, one of the most interesting is the ability of granular matter upon mec...

Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 439

Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics

A comprehensive and pedagogical text on nonequilibrium statistical physics, covering topics from random walks to pattern formation.

Quantitative Viral Ecology
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 354

Quantitative Viral Ecology

When we think about viruses we tend to consider ones that afflict humans—such as those that cause influenza, HIV, and Ebola. Yet, vastly more viruses infect single-celled microbes. Diverse and abundant, microbes and the viruses that infect them are found in oceans, lakes, plants, soil, and animal-associated microbiomes. Taking a vital look at the "microscopic" mode of disease dynamics, Quantitative Viral Ecology establishes a theoretical foundation from which to model and predict the ecological and evolutionary dynamics that result from the interaction between viruses and their microbial hosts. Joshua Weitz addresses three major questions: What are viruses of microbes and what do they do t...

Cellular Automata
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 750

Cellular Automata

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Cellular Automata for Research and Industry, ACRI 2006. The book presents 53 revised full papers and 19 revised poster papers together with 6 invited lectures. Topical sections include CA theory and implementation, computational theory, population dynamics, physical modeling, urban, environmental and social modeling, traffic and boolean networks, multi-agents and robotics, as well as crowds and cellular automata, and more.

Physics of Long-range Interacting Systems
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 429

Physics of Long-range Interacting Systems

This book deals with an important class of many-body systems: those where the interaction potential decays slowly for large inter-particle distances; in particular, systems where the decay is slower than the inverse inter-particle distance raised to the dimension of the embedding space. Gravitational and Coulomb interactions are the most prominent examples, however it has become clear that long-range interactions are more common than previously thought. A satisfactory understanding of properties, generally considered as oddities only a couple of decades ago, has now been reached: ensemble inequivalence, negative specific heat, negative susceptibility, ergodicity breaking, out-of-equilibrium quasi-stationary-states, anomalous diffusion. The book, intended for Master and PhD students, tries to gradually acquaint the reader with the subject. The first two parts describe the theoretical and computational instruments needed to address the study of both equilibrium and dynamical properties of systems subject to long-range forces. The third part of the book is devoted to applications of such techniques to the most relevant examples of long-range systems.

Critical Dynamics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 529

Critical Dynamics

A comprehensive and unified introduction to describing and understanding complex interacting systems.