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This book examines the art of Cobra, a network of poets and artists from Copenhagen, Brussels, and Amsterdam (1948–1951). Although the name stood for the organizers’ home cities, the Cobra artists hailed from countries in Europe, Africa, and the United States. This book investigates how a group of struggling young artists attempted to reinvent the international avant-garde after the devastation of the Second World War, to create artistic experiments capable of facing the challenges of postwar society. It explores how Cobra’s experimental, often collective art works and publications relate to broader debates in Europe about the use of images to commemorate violent events, the possibility of free expression in an art world constrained by Cold War politics, the breakdown of primitivism in an era of colonial independence movements, and the importance of spontaneity in a society increasingly dominated by the mass media. This book will be of interest to scholars in art history, 20th-century modern art, avant-garde arts, and European history.
Includes entries for maps and atlases.
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This work is a historiography of the German town of Erlangen, which lies approximately 20 kilometers north of Nuremberg in the Franconian region of Bavaria. With a current population of just over 100,000, the city is primarily noted for its university and as the headquarters of the Siemens Corporation. In this book, author Gary Fouse, who spent three years as a U.S. military policeman in Erlangen, traces the history of Erlangen from its humble beginnings as a village in 1002 to the current era. Fouse describes the city during the most important historical events in German history including the Reformation, the Thirty Years War, the Napoleonic Wars, the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871, the two world wars and post-World War II recovery. Fouse delves into the life of the city under the rule of the House of Hohenzollern, the arrival in 1686 of French Huguenot refugees, the founding of the university, and the history of the Jewish community in Erlangen. Also detailed is the history of the U.S. Army in Erlangen from 1945 to 1994. The author's personal accounts provide an interesting look into the lives of the Americans, both inside and outside the caserne.