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The book offers a thorough introduction to machine vision. It is organized in two parts. The first part covers the image acquisition, which is the crucial component of most automated visual inspection systems. All important methods are described in great detail and are presented with a reasoned structure. The second part deals with the modeling and processing of image signals and pays particular regard to methods, which are relevant for automated visual inspection.
In dieser Arbeit werden spektral kodierte multispektrale Lichtfelder untersucht, wie sie von einer Lichtfeldkamera mit einem spektral kodierten Mikrolinsenarray aufgenommen werden. Für die Rekonstruktion der kodierten Lichtfelder werden zwei Methoden entwickelt, eine basierend auf den Prinzipien des Compressed Sensing sowie eine Deep Learning Methode. Anhand neuartiger synthetischer und realer Datensätze werden die vorgeschlagenen Rekonstruktionsansätze im Detail evaluiert. -In this work, spatio-spectrally coded multispectral light fields, as taken by a light field camera with a spectrally coded microlens array, are investigated. For the reconstruction of the coded light fields, two methods, one based on the principles of compressed sensing and one deep learning approach, are developed. Using novel synthetic as well as a real-world datasets, the proposed reconstruction approaches are evaluated in detail.
In this work, the task of wide-area indoor people detection in a network of depth sensors is examined. In particular, we investigate how the redundant and complementary multi-view information, including the temporal context, can be jointly leveraged to improve the detection performance. We recast the problem of multi-view people detection in overlapping depth images as an inverse problem and present a generative probabilistic framework to jointly exploit the temporal multi-view image evidence.
While the spectral information contained in hyperspectral images is rich, the spatial resolution of such images is in many cases very low. Many pixel spectra are mixtures of pure materials' spectra and therefore need to be decomposed into their constituents. This work investigates new decomposition methods taking into account spectral, spatial and global 3D adjacency information. This allows for faster and more accurate decomposition results.
Optical measurement methods are becoming increasingly important for high-precision production of components and quality assurance. The increasing demand can be met by modern imaging systems with advanced optics, such as light field cameras. This work explores their use in the deflectometric measurement of specular surfaces. It presents improvements in phase unwrapping and calibration techniques, enabling high surface reconstruction accuracies using only a single monocular light field camera.
The increasing use of automated laser welding processes causes high demands on process monitoring. This work demonstrates methods that use a camera mounted on the focussing optics to perform pre-, in-, and post-process monitoring of welding processes. The implementation uses machine learning methods. All algorithms consider the integration into industrial processes. These challenges include a small database, limited industrial manufacturing inference hardware, and user acceptance.
This work presents model-based algorithmic approaches for interference-invariant time delay estimation, which are specifically suited for the estimation of small time delay differences with a necessary resolution well below the sampling time. Therefore, the methods can be applied particularly well for transit-time ultrasonic flow measurements, since the problem of interfering signals is especially prominent in this application.
Deep learning is widely applied to sparse 3D data to perform challenging tasks, e.g., 3D object detection and semantic segmentation. However, the high performance of deep learning comes with high costs, including computational costs and the effort to capture and label data. This work investigates and improves the efficiency of deep learning for sparse 3D data to overcome the obstacles to the further development of this technology.
The automatic retrieval of images according to the similarity of their content is a challenging task with many application fields. In this book the automatic retrieval of images according to human spontaneous perception without further effort or knowledge is considered. A system is therefore designed and analyzed. Methods for the detection and extraction of regions and for the extraction and comparison of color, shape, and texture features are also investigated.