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Market Liberalism, Growth, and Economic Development in Latin America
The principal themes pursued in this book emerge from the great transformation that the Latin American and the Caribbean economies experienced in the aftermath of both the foreign debt crisis of 1982 and the macroeconomic stabilisation policies that vividly and painfully produced the so-called "lost decade" of the 1980s. Latin America implemented an economic liberalisation process during the late 1980s and the 1990s. The main policy reforms involved in that course can be summarized as privatization of state owned firms, trade openness, deregulation of the foreign direct investment (FDI) regime and fiscal discipline. Latin American countries have also embarked in regional trade agreements, th...
African Industrial Development and European Union Co-operation
Of the 54African states, only South Africa is categorised by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) amongst industrialised countries. The economic activities in Africa are still dominated by the production and trade of agricultural and mineral commodities. This situation is in spite of the longstanding Africa--European Union (EU) co-operation, which intends, among other things, to support Africa’s industrialisation endeavours. Imperatively, a long road to substantive levels of industrialisation still lies ahead of most African countries. This raises the question as to what role the international community could and should play in the twenty-first century to provide ...
Economic Complexity and Human Development
This book combines the human development approach and innovation economics in order to explore the effects that structural economic change has on human development. While economic diversification can provide valuable new social choices and capabilities, it also tends to lead to more complex decision processes and changes to the set of capabilities required by people to self-determine their future. Within this process of structural transformation, social networks are crucial for accessing information and social support, but networks can also be a root cause of exclusion and inequality reproduction. This implies the need to encourage innovation and economic diversification beyond production ex...
Institutional Innovation and Change in Value Chain Development
George Bernard Shaw once said that reasonable people adapt themselves to the world but unreasonable people adapt the world to themselves. In a sense, this book explores how these so-called ‘unreasonable people’ may interact to re-fashion the world around them in fragile economic development. Drawing on empirical research in the volatile and traditional context of Afghanistan, the study investigates the challenge of poor women’s participation in business and diverse outcomes for local development. Institutional Innovation and Change in Value Chain Development takes a unique look at nuanced institutional phenomena through the lens of social institutions, with a subtle appreciation of the...
South-South Globalization
Two prominent features of the current global economy are the world-wide recession brought about by the recent financial crisis, and the emergence of major economic powers from within the developing world such as Brazil, China and India. The former represents the failure of global regulatory policies and macroeconomic imbalances between surplus and deficit countries; the latter is symptomatic of a partial shift in economic power towards developing nations, who are often collectively labelled the global South. The macroeconomic imbalances are unsustainable in the longer run as they mean greater absorption relative to income in deficit nations; they require corrective action and international p...
Disasters and the Networked Economy
Mainstream quantitative analysis and simulations are fraught with difficulties and are intrinsically unable to deal appropriately with long-term macroeconomic effects of disasters. In this new book, J.M. Albala-Bertrand develops the themes introduced in his past book, The Political Economy of Large Natural Disasters (Clarendon Press, 1993), to show that societal networking and disaster localization constitute part of an essential framework to understand disaster effects and responses. The author’s last book argued that disasters were a problem of development, rather than a problem for development. This volume takes the argument forward both in terms of the macroeconomic effects of disaster...
State-Business Relations and Economic Development in Africa and India
When the state and business interact effectively they can promote a more efficient allocation of scarce resources, appropriate industrial policy and a more effective and prioritised removal of key obstacles to growth, than when the two sides fail to co-operate or engage in harmful collusion. This book, based on original empirical research undertaken in Africa and India, addresses what constitutes the effectiveness of state-business relations, what explains their formation and evolution over time and whether effective state-business relations matter for economic performance. Analysing the effects of state-business relations on economic performance at both the macro and micro levels, the book ...
Digital Interactions in Developing Countries
Jeffrey James is one of the relatively few academics to have systematically taken on the topic of IT and development. In this timely book he undertakes a methodological critique of prominent topics in the debate. Challenging the existing literature by international and governmental institutions, the book looks not only at the digital divide but also at issues such as digital preparedness, leapfrogging and low-cost computers. James also raises important issues which have been largely neglected in the literature, such as the implications for poverty in developing countries and the macroeconomics of mobile phones. The book argues that benefits from IT are captured in a different form in develop...
Territorios, neoextractivismo y derechos indígenas en Latinoamérica.
En todos los países de América Latina observamos posicionamientos claros, firmes y contundentes en torno al extractivismo desde principios del siglo xxi. Por un lado, encontramos a los actores directos del extractivismo que aseguran su promoción de diversas formas, entre los cuales figuran las empresas nacionales e internacionales, los gobiernos extranjeros y nacionales –estos últimos en el marco de la ola neoextractivista que vincula los beneficios de esta actividad a programas sociales o a esquemas de reactivación económica–; dichos actores son muy activos y críticos para el desarrollo, la promoción y el sostenimiento de las actividades extractivistas. Por el otro, se encuentra...
Sector energético, crecimiento económico y desarrollo sostenible frente al cambio climático
El sector energético mueve la economía y la geopolítica mundial, impacta directamente en el crecimiento económico de todos los sectores (a nivel global, nacional y local) y también es estratégico para el desarrollo sostenible frente al cambio climático. Esta obra presenta nueve ensayos sobre los enormes retos que se nos plantean para la sobrevivencia de la vida humana y del planeta, con interrogantes que deben son respondidas a través de la investigación, innovación y nuevas tecnologías, con generación de conocimiento: ¿Cómo lograr el crecimiento con sostenibilidad? ¿Cómo dejar atrás las formas viejas de producir energía en aras de un nuevo modelo productivo sostenible? ¿Cómo trasladarse de las antiguas a las nuevas formas de producir energía: hidrocarburos versus renovables? ¿Cómo transitar hacia un nuevo modelo económico sostenible? ¿Cómo lograr que el crecimiento y el desarrollo sostenible promuevan mejoras sociales y ambientales?
