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The fate of heavy metal particles in the environment is important because they tend to be reactive, mobile, and highly toxic. Reactivity and Transport of Heavy Metals in Soils examines the sometimes complex interactions that occur between metals and the soil they occupy. It discusses basic kinetic concepts and covers the predictability and consequences of metal-soil interactions. This practical guide presents and explains heavy metal issues crucial to hazardous waste site cleanup, including:
Engineering Aspects of Metal-Waste Management presents a detailed discussion regarding the fate of metals in the environment and the methods by which metal waste is managed. Ten chapters by a multidisciplinary group of scientists and engineers address site assessment, methods of sample digestion, bioremediation, and mathematical models as a tool for describing the retention reactions of heavy metals during transport in the soil. Specific topics covered include evaluating lead extraction methods as indicators of lead mobility in contaminated soils, assessing cadmium contamination using spatial variability, using microwave technology for sample digestion and preparation for analysis, and working with a bioremediation method using arsenate-resistant microorganisms. Mathematical models discussed in this volume are based on convection-dispersion or cell-mixing approaches for metal transport. Engineering Aspects of Metal-Waste Management will be useful for researchers, consulting engineers, and decision makers involved in the management and cleanup of metal-contaminated sites.
The chapters of this book were originally presented at the Fourth International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements, in June 1997 at Berkeley, California. The results of that symposium are now available to assist both specialists and those concerned with broader environmental issues. The first four chapters of Fate and Transport of Heavy Metals in the Vadose Zone are devoted to sorption-desorption processes. Subjects include the kinetics of trace metal sorption-desorption, adsorption of nickel and their isotherms, cadmium reactions, and retention mechanisms of both linear and nonlinear types. The next three sections describe complexation and speciation processes. The authors consider the effect of humic and fulvic acids, the binding of copper with organic matter, and the rate of dissolved selenium. Chapters eight through eleven scrutinize the bioavailability and retention of heavy metals and their mobility in the vadose zone. Twelve details plant-available concentration levels for heavy metals in the vadose zone. The last section relates case studies that are relevant to environmental affairs. Features
Understanding the mechanisms associated with metal complexes and the sequestering metal contaminants in the environment is essential for effective remediation. Heavy Metal Release in Soils describes and quantifies desorption/release kinetics and dissolution reactions in the release of heavy metals from soil. The book focuses on: New techniques - microscopic surface techniques, NMR and electrophoresis, XAFS, SFM, and time-resolved ATR-FTIR Theoretical analysis and kinetic approaches - adsorption/desorption hysteresis, competitive sorption and transport, multi-component models, speciation kinetics, isotherms and soil and metal parameters, and the role of soil properties on transport Applicatio...
Transport and retention of water, nutrients, and inorganic and organic contaminants in the environment is greatly affected by physical and chemical processes in porous media such as soils. To definitively understand these processes, multiple scales--ranging from the landscape to the molecular--be investigated. Topics include fractal and spatial heterogeneity, molecular models, in situ spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, and inclusion of time-dependent phenomena in predicting solute transport/retention in soils.
The scaling issue remains one of the largest problems in soil science and hydrology. This book is a unique compendium of ideas, conceptual approaches, techniques, and methodologies for scaling soil physical properties. Scaling Methods in Soil Physics covers many methods of scaling that will be useful in helping scientists across a range of soil-rel
Most reported incidents of soil contamination include an array of heavy metals species rather than a single ion. The various interactions in these multicomponent or multiple-ion systems significantly impact the fate and transport of heavy metals, and competition for sorption sites on soil matrix surfaces is a common phenomenon. Because of this, considering competitive sorption is an important part of predicting contaminant transport. Competitive Sorption and Transport of Heavy Metals in Soils and Geological Media gives you the information needed to understand heavy metals’ sorption and transport in the vadose zone and aquifers. The book brings together state-of-the art research on the comp...
An essential companion for busy professionals seeking to navigate stroke-related clinical situations successfully and make quick informed treatment decisions.
Water is the Earth's most precious resource. Until recent years, water was often overlooked as being overly abundant or available, but much has changed all over the world. As climate change, human encroachment on environmental areas, and deforestation become greater dangers, the study of groundwater has become more important than ever and is growing as one of the most important areas of science for the future of life on Earth. This three-volume set is the most comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of hydrogeochemistry that is available. The first volume lays the foundation of the composition, chemistry, and testing of groundwater, while volume two covers practical applications such as mass ...
This updated second edition of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Imaging and Intervention provides a comprehensive account of the state of the art in the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The basic format of the first edition has been retained, with sections on fundamentals such as pathophysiology and causes, imaging techniques and interventions. However, each chapter has been revised to reflect the important recent progress in advanced neuroimaging and the use of interventional tools. In addition, a new chapter is included on the classification instruments for ischemic stroke and their use in predicting outcomes and therapeutic triage. All of the authors are internationally recognized experts and members of the interdisciplinary stroke team at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. The text is supported by numerous informative illustrations, and ease of reference is ensured through the inclusion of suitable tables. This book will serve as a unique source of up-to-date information for neurologists, emergency physicians, radiologists and other health care providers who care for the patient with acute ischemic stroke.