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Changes in natural ecosystems can affect biodiversity on a global scale, which in turn affects global food production. Climate change develops under different environmental conditions such as high CO2 concentration, ultraviolet radiation, temperature, salinity, rainfall intensity, etc., causing an increase in the growth of new weeds and pathogens. All these factors alone and in complex can reduce growth, complicate photosynthesis, and reduce the physiological and biochemical responses of plants. On the other hand, studies in recent years have shown that the development of a dual strategy of breeding for stress tolerance and introducing stress tolerant plants into production systems to increa...
Under ongoing climate change, natural and cultivated habitats of major food crops are being continuously disturbed. Such condition accelerates to impose stress effects like abiotic and biotic stressors. Drought, salinity, flood, cold, heat, heavy metals, metalloids, oxidants, irradiation etc. are important abiotic stresses; and diseases and infections caused by plant pathogens viz. fungal agents, bacteria and viruses are major biotic stresses. As a result, these harsh environments affect crop productivity and its biology in multiple complex paradigms. As stresses become the limiting factors for agricultural productivity and exert detrimental role on growth and yield of the crops, scientists ...
Directory of foreign diplomatic officers in Washington.
In this book, author Nader Moumneh–a Canadian senior policy adviser of Lebanese descent– examines the research of the formation and evolution of the Christian resistance in Lebanon he performed as a graduate student at the American University of Beirut in the early 1990s. He has conducted hundreds of lengthy interviews with senior Lebanese Forces leaders who were thoroughly impressed by his communicative yet assertive personality, his scrupulous presentation of facts, his obsessive attention to detail, and most importantly, his unwavering determination to unveil behind-the-scenes events. Mr. Moumneh drew upon his self-acquired persuasion tactics and negotiation strategies to earn the Leb...
This book offers perspective on climate change impacts on developing nations from scholars within those nations, primarily focusing on agriculture. Throughout three parts containing a total of over twenty chapters from scholars in developing countries, it aims to offer guidelines for researchers, policymakers, and farmers themselves on how developing countries can achieve sustainable food security and continue development on a sustainable basis. Part I covers climate change concepts and issues for developing countries; Part II offers chapters dealing with social issues surrounding climate change and agriculture; Part III addresses practical policies that can be implemented to work toward ach...
Directory of foreign diplomatic officers in Washington.
The fractious relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia has long been a central concern in Washington. In the aftermath of 9/11 and amongst ongoing wars, the United States confronts an acute dilemma: how to cooperate with Riyadh against terrorism whilst confronting acute anti-Americanism? Using information gathered from extensive interviews with a plethora of officials, this book aims to analyze Saudi domestic reforms. It addresses the significant deficiency of information on such diverse matters as the judiciary and ongoing national dialogues, but also provides an alternative understanding of what motivates Saudi policy makers. How these reforms may impact on future Saudi decision-making will surely generate a slew of policy concerns for the United States and this study offers a few clarifications and solutions. This book will be of interest to anyone seeking a new perspective on the motivation behind legal and political reforms in Saudi Arabia, and the effects of these reforms beyond the Middle East.