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The complexities of the brain and nervous system make neuroscience an inherently interdisciplinary pursuit, one that comprises disparate basic, clinical, and applied disciplines. Behavioral neuroscientists approach the brain and nervous system as instruments of sensation and response; cognitive neuroscientists view the same systems as a solitary computer with a focus on representations and processes. The Oxford Handbook of Social Neuroscience marks the emergence of a third broad perspective in this field. Social neuroscience emphasizes the functions that emerge through the coaction and interaction of conspecifics, the neural mechanisms that underlie these functions, and the commonality and d...
Proceedings from conference held in Zurich, Switzerland during spring of 2008 by the Verband der Hochschullehrer f'ur Betriebswirtschaft, Kommission Wissenschaftstheorie.
Referring to the focus of the biosciences on molecular "particles" of the human biology, such as stem cells, genes, and neurons, this account examines the relationships between culture, society, and bioscientific research. Showing that the atomized body is indeed socially and culturally embedded, in plural and complex ways, it argues that biomedicine and biotechnology do not only intersect with the human body, but also reshape our perceptions of selfhood and life. From a multidisciplinary perspective, this volume explores the biosciences and the atomized body in their social, cultural, and philosophical contexts.
It is possible for an act to wrongfully harm a person, even if that person is dead. David Boonin explains the puzzle of posthumous harm and examines its ethical implications for such issues as posthumous organ removal, posthumous publication of private documents, damage to graves, and posthumous punishment.
Will we ever be able to see the brain at work? Could it be possible to observe thinking and feeling as if watching a live broadcast from within the human head? Brainmedia uncovers past and present examples of scientists and science educators who conceptualize and demonstrate the active human brain guided by new media technologies. Drawing on original archival material, Brainmedia outlines a new history of “live brains,” arguing that practices of - and ideas about - mediation impacted the imagination of seeing the brain at work. Through five carefully researched and illustrated historical case studies, Flora Lysen shows the conceptual but also practical assembling of brains and media: fro...
Bioarchaeology covers the history and general theory of the field plus the recovery and laboratory treatment of human remains. Bioarchaeology is the study of human remains in context from an archaeological and anthropological perspective. The book explores, through numerous case studies, how the ways a society deals with their dead can reveal a great deal about that society, including its religious, political, economic, and social organizations. It details recovery methods and how, once recovered, human remains can be analyzed to reveal details about the funerary system of the subject society and inform on a variety of other issues, such as health, demography, disease, workloads, mobility, sex and gender, and migration. Finally, the book highlights how bioarchaeological techniques can be used in contemporary forensic settings and in investigations of genocide and war crimes. In Bioarchaeology, theories, principles, and scientific techniques are laid out in a clear, understandable way, and students of archaeology at undergraduate and graduate levels will find this an excellent guide to the field.
Das Bundesverfassungsgericht hatte das alte Erbschaftsteuerrecht aufgrund der gleichheitswidrigen Bewertungsregeln für verfassungswidrig erklärt. Der Gesetzgeber reagierte im Rahmen des Gesetzes zur Reform des Erbschaft- und Schenkungsteuerrechts (ErbStRG) mit einer umfassenden Bewertungsreform. Kernelement ist ein methodenpluralistischer Ansatz, der den Rechtsanwender mit bis zu sieben verschiedenen Bewertungsmethoden konfrontiert. Damit geht auch eine Öffnung für betriebswirtschaftlich anerkannte Methoden einher. Aus dieser, für das Steuerrecht vollkommen neuen Ausrichtung, ergibt sich ein gänzlich neuer Forschungsbereich, dem sich die vorliegende Arbeit widmet. Daneben tritt die eno...
Was eine Gesellschaft unter »Wirtschaft« versteht, ist folgenreich. Denn an diesem Begriff bemisst sich auch, wie solidarisch oder selbstbezüglich diese Gesellschaft sich und ihren Stoffwechsel mit der Natur gestaltet. Inmitten zahlreicher Krisen stellt Lars Hochmann die ökonomischen Grundannahmen der Gegenwart auf den Prüfstand und versucht, ein reflexives Vokabular für das Verständnis von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft zu begründen. Mit einem Blick zurück nach vorn reformuliert er die Unternehmung als Selbstgestaltungskraft der Gesellschaft und behauptet: Wirtschaft gibt es nicht – wir müssen sie unternehmen.
Archaeology: The Science of the Human Past provides students with a thorough understanding of what archaeology is and how it operates and familiarizes them with fundamental archaeological concepts and methods. This volume introduces the basic components of archaeology, including sites, artifacts, ecofacts, remote sensing, and excavation. It discusses how archaeologists obtain and classify information and how they analyze this information to formulate and test models of what happened in the past. Cultural resource management and the laws and regulations that deal with archaeology around the world are described. Archaeology is placed in the context of contemporary issues, from environmental pr...
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