You may have to Search all our reviewed books and magazines, click the sign up button below to create a free account.
One of the most interesting issues in immunology is how the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system cooperate in vertebrate organisms to respond and destroy invading microorganisms without destroying self-tissues. More than 20 years ago, Charles Janeway proposed the innate immune recognition theory [1]. He hypothesized the existence of innate receptors (Pattern recognition receptors, PRRs) that, by recognizing molecular structures associated to pathogens (PAMPs) and being expressed by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and epithelial cells, could alert the immune system to the presence of a pathogen, making it possible to mount an immediate inflammatory response. Moreover, by transduc...
TLR4 is one of the most important innate immunity receptors, its function mainly consisting in the activation of inflammatory pathways in response to stimulation by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Damage Associated Molecular Pattern molecules (DAMPs). This volume critically reviews the different types of TLR4 activators and inhibitors, discusses the role of molecular aggregates in agonism/antagonism as well as the pivotal role of the CD14 receptor in the modulation of TLR4 signal and the molecular details and actors of the intracellular cascade. The book presents the role of TLR4 in several pathologies, such as sepsis and septic shock caused by receptor activation by gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in neurodegenerative and neurological diseases such as Parkinson and Alzheimer’s diseases, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It reviews the role of TLR4 in neural stem cell-mediated neurogenesis and neuroinflammation and in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Cerebral Organoids and discusses the emerging role of micro-RNA (miRNA) regulation by TLR4.
We acknowledge the initiation and support of this Research Topic by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). We hereby state publicly that the IUIS has had no editorial input in articles included in this Research Topic, thus ensuring that all aspects of this Research Topic are evaluated objectively, unbiased by any specific policy or opinion of the IUIS.
The innate immune system comprises the cells and mechanisms that are the first line of defence against infection by other organisms. This book provides a comprehensive synopsis of eye diseases, their immunological mechanisms and the role of the immune cells and mediators. Beginning with an introduction to the role of the innate immune system, the following chapters discuss the different types of immune cells in the eye and their role in the etiopathogenesis of various diseases including glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Edited by Manfred Zierhut, recognised expert from the University of Tuebingen Germany, this book is presented in an easy to read format, enabling practitioners to understand even the most sophisticated eye disorders from an immunological perspective. Key points Comprehensive synopsis of the role of the innate immune system in eye diseases Covers different types of immune cells Edited by internationally recognised specialist in Germany
The most efficient way to mount a sustained immune response is to target antigens to antigen presenting cells that trigger both innate and adaptive immune responses. A comprehensive view of the current approaches to the design of new antigenic formulations will enhance our understanding and perspective of targeted immunotherapy. The aim of this Research Topic is to provide an overview of the currently adopted targeting strategies by a collection of articles on: 1.Novel approaches of antigen targeting for immunotherapeutic strategies against cancer and/or infectious diseases. 2. Diversity and biology of dendritic cell subsets in human and mouse. 3. Combined strategies for the delivery of antigens and adjuvant molecules that stimulate innate immune responses and their influence on the quality of immune responses. 4. Impact of the receptor mediate intracellular trafficking on antigen presentation.
Since the 1970s there has been a dramatic rise in the Indian population in Brazil as increasing numbers of pardos (individuals of mixed African, European, and indigenous descent) have chosen to identify themselves as Indians. In Racial Revolutions—the first book-length study of racial formation in Brazil that centers on Indianness—Jonathan W. Warren draws on extensive fieldwork and numerous interviews to illuminate the discursive and material forces responsible for this resurgence in the population. The growing number of pardos who claim Indian identity represents a radical shift in the direction of Brazilian racial formation. For centuries, the predominant trend had been for Indians to ...
DIVIlluminates the experience of a small-scale culture with large-scale change /div
NETosis, a form of cell death that manifests by the release of decondensed chromatin to the extracellular space, provides valuable insights into mechanisms and consequences of cellular demise. Because extracellular chromatin can immobilize microbes, the extended nucleohistone network was called a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET), and the process of chromatin release was proposed to serve an innate immune defense function. Extracellular chromatin NETs were initially observed in studies of neutrophils and are most prominent in these types of granulocytes. Subsequent studies showed that other granulocytes and, in a limited way, other cells of the innate immune response may also release nucle...