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Tense and aspect are crucial devices of sentence meaning. They interact with Aktionsart, but also with verb types and adverbs when indicating temporal relations and building temporal discourse structure. On the discourse level, they are co-determined by narrative functions, enhancing the complexity of their description. The volume depicts this vast field. It unites twelve contributions which elaborate on three thematic cores: 1) the context-sensitivity of tense and aspect and their relationships with neighbouring categories, 2) their interaction with adverbs, 3) their functioning in discourse. The volume advances our knowledge of the matters at hand in different respects. It discusses the on...
Wie kommen Fußballklubs mit der Sprachenvielfalt in der Mannschaft zurecht? Welche Funktionär:innen und Politiker:innen beschimpfen französische Fans auf ihren Foren? Ticken "Live-Ticker" in verschiedenen Kulturen gleich oder unterschiedlich? Wenn bei einem Fußball-Videogame der digitale Schiedsrichter Abseits konstatiert, kann man dann auch dagegen sein? Wie kämpfen Fans für die Beibehaltung der traditionellen Stadiennamen? Um welche Mannschaften handelt es sich bei den Rivalen "Herne-West" und "Lüdenscheid Nord"? Inwiefern bestimmt die Kultur Ghanas die Bildhaftigkeit seiner Fußballkommentare? Dieses Buch beantwortet nicht nur alle Ihre Fragen über Sprache(n) und Fußball, sondern auch viele weitere, die Sie sich noch nicht gestellt haben. Eine Fülle an linguistischen Disziplinen, zahlreiche Länder und Sprachen auf mehreren Kontinenten: der Fußball bringt sie alle zusammen.
This monograph presents a theoretical and empirical study of the Spanish and the Portuguese Present Perfect (PP). The innovative claim is that the two tense forms operate in the field of tension between temporal quantification and temporal reference. Based on this approach, it presents the first in-depth study that explicitly takes into account the level of discourse. The following questions are investigated: How do the Spanish and the Portuguese PP interact with discursive factors, such as adjacent tense forms? What kind of discursive meaning do they generate? Which diachronic trends do their discourse functions reveal? It is argued that while the Spanish PP tends to a referential drift (traditionally labelled as an aoristic drift), the Portuguese PP tends to preserve and specialize its quantificational meaning. The book is of interest to all those working on the Present Perfect or generally in the field of tense and aspect in discourse.
This book deals with the linguistic treatment of tense-aspect-modal-evidential (TAME) expressions in translations of the French novel L’Étranger by Albert Camus into sixteen languages. It is strongly empirical in spirit, and uses the method of contrastive linguistics and multilingual comparison through the use of parallel corpora. It has five main parts: the first two offer insights into perfect and imperfect tenses in Indo-European languages; the third part shifts the focus on non Indo-European languages; the fourth part deals with modality, and the last part is more translation-oriented. These contents make this book a valuable contribution in semantic micro-typology. In terms of readership, both linguists and specialists in translation, as well as literature scholars, can benefit from the contributions presented in this book. It also relates to other usage-based, corpus-driven studies of TAME phenomena, and to monographs that take as their object of study the use of corpus linguistics in translation studies.
This volume brings together insights from leading scholars in the field of grammatical aspect to examine the multifaceted nature of this pivotal linguistic resource used to express temporal meaning. The contributors explore the many ways in which linguistic research can move beyond canonical semantic analyses of aspect, which still focus to a great extent on objective temporal features of what can be called 'situation models', i.e. integrated cognitive representations of designated states of affairs. The chapters in this volume widen this outlook by concentrating on less typical contexts in which aspectual constructions are used, e.g. for affective purposes, to mark the epistemic status of situations, or to shape narrative structures. This focus on non-prototypicality is also reflected in the languages investigated, many of which are understudied with respect to their aspectual constructions, including several African languages and the sign language Kata Kolok. The volume adopts a multidisciplinary methodological approach, and introduces possible directions for future research based on experimental studies, fieldwork research, and translation mining.
Tense and aspect are crucial devices of sentence meaning. They interact with Aktionsart, but also with verb types and adverbs when indicating temporal relations and building temporal discourse structure. On the discourse level, they are co-determined by narrative functions, enhancing the complexity of their description. The volume depicts this vast field. It unites twelve contributions which elaborate on three thematic cores: 1) the context-sensitivity of tense and aspect and their relationships with neighbouring categories, 2) their interaction with adverbs, 3) their functioning in discourse. The volume advances our knowledge of the matters at hand in different respects. It discusses the on...
Die Forschung zur differentiellen Objektmarkierung (DOM) und zu Akkusativobjektsätzen im Spanischen hat die Komplexitätsikonizität bisher nur eingeschränkt berücksichtigt. Wie die Arbeit zeigt, kann sie jedoch die Realisierungsoppositionen (mit oder ohne den Marker a bzw. finit vs. infinit) schlüssig motivieren. Die beiden untersuchten Strukturen eint, dass ein Verb ein Element im Akkusativ regiert, das jeweils auf zwei Arten realisiert sein kann. Daher werden sie nach einheitlichen Prinzipien behandelt. Der Ansatz ist jedoch sensitiv für ihre divergenten Eigenschaften. Um Ikonizität nachzuweisen, werden die Strukturen detailliert semantisch beschrieben. Auf die DOM wird dafür erstm...
Diese Studie beschreibt die Entwicklung des französischen Modussystems vom Spätlateinischen bis zum français classique im Rahmen eines kohärenten modalsemantischen Ansatzes. Die Entwicklungen werden mit denen in anderen romanischen Sprachen kontrastiert, wobei dem italienischen Modussystem aufgrund seiner bemerkenswerten Kontinuität die Funktion einer Kontrastfolie zukommt. In der Analyse wird die zentrale Bedeutung modalitätsspezifischer Domänen für die Organisation und Ausdifferenzierung der Modussysteme in den romanischen Sprachen deutlich. Sie erscheinen insbesondere als der relevante ‚Raum‘ für Sprachwandelprozesse, deren grundlegende Prinzipien in der Untersuchung systemat...