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Sotaa, jota ruotsalaiset kutsuvat Skånen sodaksi tai Kaarle XI:ta sodaksi, voidaan laajemmasta näkökulmasta kutsua toiseksi Pohjansodaksi tai pohjoismaiseksi sodaksi (1674-1679, andra nordiska kriget, Northern War). Kolmekymmentävuotisen eli suuren Saksan sodan jälkeen Kaarle X Kustaan sodat olisivat järjestyksessä ensimmäinen ja suuri Pohjansota kolmas. Suomalaisittain sota Skånessa oli vain yksi sotanäyttämöistä. Sotaa käytiin merellä, Pommerissa (ja siihen liittyi Bremen) ja Liivinmaa-Preussissa. Sodan kulkuun vaikutti ratkaisevasti laivasto, jolle Ruotsissa oli asetettu suuret odotukset. Vuosina 1675 ja 1676 laivasto epäonnistui tehtävissään täydellisesti.[1] Lundin t...
"In the past few decades, interest in the rich and varied literature of early Scandinavia has prompted a corresponding interest in its background: its origins, social and historical context, and relationship to other medieval literatures. Until the 1980s, however, there was a distinct lack of scholarship in English that synthesized the critical trends and thinking in the field, so in 1985 Carol J. Clover and John Lindow brought together several of the most distinguished Old Norse scholars to contribute essays for a collection that would finally provide a comprehensive guide to the major genres of Old Norse-Icelandic literature." "The contributors summarize and comment on scholarly work in th...
The current revival of interest in the rich and varied literature of early Scandinavia has prompted a corresponding interest in its background: its origins, social and historical context, and relationship to other medieval literatures. Even readers with a knowledge of Old Norse and Icelandic have found these subjects difficult to pursue, however, for up-to-date reference works in any language are few and none exist in English. To fill the gap, six distinguished scholars have contributed ambitious new essays to this volume. The contributors summarize and comment on scholarly work in the major branches of the field: Eddie and skaldic poetry, family and kings' sagas, courtly writing, and mythology. Taken together, their judicious and attractively written essays-each with a full bibliography-make up the first book-length survey of Old Norse literature in English and a basic reference work that will stimulate research in these areas and help to open up the field to a wider academic readership.
The second meeting of the Planning Group for the Coordination of Acoustic Surveys off Northwest Africa was held in Dakar, Senegal, from 28 to 29 October 2003. The general objective of the Planning Group is to plan the coordination of acoustic surveys in the region including intercalibration of research vessels and to act as a forum for discussion on issues important to acoustic surveys such as standardization of methods, acoustic research and training. The Planning Group noted that the three countries that possess their own research vessels had all conducted acoustic surveys in 2003 and that progress had been made in terms of planning and implementation of surveys as well as in data analysis and reporting. Nevertheless, there are still some issues that need to be addressed including the coordination of the national surveys to ensure complete coverage of the pelagic stocks, studies to reduce the noise level of the different research vessels, and the operation of the pelagic trawl to improve sampling of the target pelagic species.--Publisher's description.
A comprehensive account of joint species distribution modelling, covering statistical analyses in light of modern community ecology theory.
How do today's political parties relate to other organisations? Do they prefer rather distant relationships with a wide range of interest groups – or have they virtually detached themselves from civil society altogether? Scholars seem to agree that traditionally close relationships – such as those between social democratic parties and trade unions – have grown weaker since the 1960s. But to date only limited systematic research has been conducted. While parties and interest groups attract a great deal of attention from political scientists, the links between them have been largely overlooked. This book is an attempt to bridge the gap, starting from the party side of the relationship. I...