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Global Ecological Consequences of the 1982-83 El Niño-Southern Oscillation
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 564

Global Ecological Consequences of the 1982-83 El Niño-Southern Oscillation

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1990-09-06
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

El Niño is a meteorologic/oceanographic phenomenon that occurs sporadically (every few years) at low latitudes. It is felt particularly strongly in the eastern Pacific region, notably from the equator southwards along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru. The El Niño is a component of the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) which accentuates the intimate and causal connection between atmospheric and marine processes. Obvious manifestations of El Niño in the eastern Pacific are anomalous warming of the sea; reduced upwelling; a marked decline in fisheries, and high rainfall with frequent flooding. The 1982/83 El Niño was exceptionally severe, and was probably the strongest warming of the equat...

Antarctic Sector of the Pacific
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 395

Antarctic Sector of the Pacific

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1989-02-07
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

The Antarctic Sector of the Pacific covers the area between Australia and South America south of about 45°S. The region comprises about 6% of the Earth's surface and is amongst the most remote, hostile and least studied of the world's oceans. The scientific importance of the region is derived from its role in the reconstruction of Gondwanaland, its influence on Pacific climate and palaeoclimate and its biological productivity. No systematic surveys of the region have been undertaken since the work of the U.S.N.S. Eltanin (1962-1972). The comprehensive reassessment of whale stocks by the International Whaling Commission in 1990 and problems with ratification of the Antarctic Minerals Regime attest to the importance of Antarctic matters at present. The book will stimulate scientific activity in the region and serve as a handbook for future research. It should also appeal to oceanographers and Polar scientists.

Mesoscale/Synoptic Coherent Structures in Geophysical Turbulence
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 840

Mesoscale/Synoptic Coherent Structures in Geophysical Turbulence

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1989-07-01
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

The 20th Liège Colloquium was particularly well attended and these proceedings demonstrate the significant progress achieved in understanding, modelling, and observing geostrophic and near-geostrophic turbulence. The book contains more than 50 review papers and original contributions covering most aspects of the field of mesoscale/synoptic coherent structures in geophysical (oceanographic) turbulence. The properties of isolated vortices (generation, evolution, decay), their interactions with other vortices, with larger scale currents and/or with topography are investigated theoretically and by means of numerical and physical models. Observation of these dynamically important features in different parts of the world ocean are reported. Of particular interest will be the fourteen contributions by scientists from the USSR which emphasize the international character of the meeting. The book thus constitutes a useful and complete overview of the current state-of-the-art.

Coastal Oceanography of Washington and Oregon
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 606

Coastal Oceanography of Washington and Oregon

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1989-03-01
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

The Washington-Oregon coastal zone is a classical Eastern Boundary Current region. The area is extremely productive, the productivity dependent on near-shore infusions of nutrients into surface layers during wind-driven coastal upwelling. The Washington-Oregon coastline is much more regular than areas off California or off the East Coast, where large capes lend complexity to both the physical environment and the ecosystem response. The relatively straight coastline and broad, deep shelf greatly simplify the physical environment, so that processes responsible for much of the variance are more easily identified. The system response from mid-Oregon northward, although not strictly two-dimension...

Shallow Water Hydrodynamics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 433

Shallow Water Hydrodynamics

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1992-08-17
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

Within this monograph a comprehensive and systematic knowledge on shallow-water hydrodynamics is presented. A two-dimensional system of shallow-water equations is analyzed, including the mathematical and mechanical backgrounds, the properties of the system and its solution. Also featured is a new mathematical simulation of shallow-water flows by compressible plane flows of a special virtual perfect gas, as well as practical algorithms such as FDM, FEM, and FVM. Some of these algorithms have been utilized in solving the system, while others have been utilized in various applied fields. An emphasis has been placed on several classes of high-performance difference schemes and boundary procedures which have found wide uses recently for solving the Euler equations of gas dynamics in aeronautical and aerospatial engineering. This book is constructed so that it may serve as a handbook for practicians. It will be of interest to scientists, designers, teachers, postgraduates and professionals in hydraulic, marine, and environmental engineering; especially those involved in the mathematical modelling of shallow-water bodies.

Hydrodynamics of Coastal Zones
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 335

Hydrodynamics of Coastal Zones

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1989-04-01
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

This book discusses selected theoretical topics of coastal hydrodynamics, including basic principles and applications in coastal oceanography and coastal engineering. It is not intended as a handbook; the emphasis is placed on presentation of a number of basic problems, rather than giving detailed instructions for their application. The bulk of the material deals with surface waves. In the author's opinion there is still a strong need for a book on wave phenomena in the coastal waters, as general textbooks on sea surface dynamics focus most of their attention on the deep ocean. This book intends to fill this need by concentrating on the phenomena typical of the coastal zone. Based on lecture...

Oceanography of Asian Marginal Seas
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 430

Oceanography of Asian Marginal Seas

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1991-06-06
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

This volume contains 31 papers on physical and geological oceanography, marine engineering and meterology in the Japan Sea and the East China Sea. Almost all these papers were presented at the Fifth JECSS (Japan and East China Seas Study) Workshop held in Korea in 1989. Results of multinational cooperative studies carried out since the initiation of JECSS in 1981 are presented. Authors are from China, Japan, Korea, UK, USA and USSR. A wide range of subjects are covered from the viewpoint of various disciplines. The status of recent research on Asian marginal seas is outlined and points at issue are defined. An important aspect is the coverage of results from the USSR and China which are not normally easily accessible to scientists in other countries, despite the importance of this research to the international scientific community. Various subjects, from estuaries to the problems related to the whole north Pacific, are covered in this book, and it is recommended to scientists in coastal oceanography, environmental oceanography, mesoscale (synoptic scale) oceanography and large-scale oceanography.

Three-Dimensional Models of Marine and Estuarine Dynamics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 628

Three-Dimensional Models of Marine and Estuarine Dynamics

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1987-05-01
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

These proceedings represent the most recent and complete state of the art review of three-dimensional models of the modern generation for the study of marine hydrodynamics and management of the marine system. The book is well illustrated by application to well-documented case studies.

Deep Convection and Deep Water Formation in the Oceans
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 381

Deep Convection and Deep Water Formation in the Oceans

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1991-09-17
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

This book contains articles presenting current knowledge about the formation and renewal of deep waters in the ocean. These articles were presented at an international workshop at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey in March 1990. It is the first book entirely devoted to the topic of deep water formation in which articles have been both selected and reviewed, and it is also the first time authors have addressed both surface and deep mixed layers. Highlighted are: past and recent observations (description and analysis), concepts and models, and modern techniques for future research. Thanks to spectacular advances realised in computing sciences over the last twenty years this volume incl...

Canadian Inland Seas
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 493

Canadian Inland Seas

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2011-09-22
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

The various chapters of this book have been written by researchers who are still working in the Canadian Inland Seas region. The chapters synthesize what is known about these seas, yet much still is to be learnt. It is hoped that this collection of information will serve as a springboard for future, much needed, studies in this fascinating, diverse region, and will stimulate comparative analyses with other subarctic and arctic basins of the world. The Canadian Inland Seas are the only remnants, albeit cold, of the ancient cratonic marine basins which occupied central North America throughout the Paleozoic and part of the Mesozoic. Precambrian rocks and gently dipping Paleozoic sedimentary ro...