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Plant Viruses
Plant viruses cause many of the most important diseases threatening crops worldwide. Over the last quarter of a century, an increasing number of plant viruses have emerged in various parts of the world, especially in the tropics and subtropics. As is generally observed for plant viruses, most of the emerging viruses are transmitted horizontally by biological vectors, mainly insects. Reverse genetics using infectious clones-available for many plant viruses-has been used for identification of viral determinants involved in virus-host and virus-vector interactions. Although many studies have identified a number of factors involved in disease development and transmission, the precise mechanisms ...
Bemisia: Bionomics and Management of a Global Pest
Bemisia tabaci (Gennedius) has distinguished itself from the more than 1,000 whitefly species in the world by its adaptability, persistence and potential to damage a wide range of agricultural and horticultural crops in all six of the world’s inhabited continents. B. tabaci inflicts plant damage through direct feeding, inducement of plant disorders, vectoring of plant viruses and excretion of honeydew. This book collates multiple aspects of the pest ranging from basic to applied science and molecular to landscape levels of investigation. Experts in multiple disciplines provide broad, but detailed summaries and discussion of taxonomy, genetics, anatomy, morphology, physiology, behavior, eco...
Closteroviridae
Plant viruses grouped within this family have remarkable properties, prominent among which is their genomic size: Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) has the largest (19.3 kb) genome reported for a plant monopartite single-stranded RNA (+) virus. Virions are filamentous and typically flexuous particles, approximately 12 nm in diameter and 650 to 2000 nm in length, with a unique bipolar (“rattlesnake”) morphology: the major coat protein (CP) encapsidates most of the genomic RNA, with a minor CP (CPm) coating a small 5’-terminal fragment (virion tail) and other viral-encoded proteins being also incorporated to this tail. The genome is monopartite (genus Closterovirus, type member Beet yellows vi...
Microbiome Associated With Plant Pathogens, Pathogenesis, and Their Applications in Developing Sustainable Agriculture
Plant pathogens, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, insect pests, etc., can pose a great threat to plants in agricultural and natural ecosystems worldwide. The plant disease triangle illustrates that pathogenesis in the plant is not only the outcome of the interactions between the plant host and pathogens but also the consequence of their interactions with the microbiomes associated with plant hosts and pathogens. Both microbiomes associated with plant host and pathogen regulate plant health and pathogen infection. Microbes can play an important role in promoting plant growth, and protecting from pathogens and/or insects. A healthy plant microbiome is crucial for plant survival, pr...
