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In a compelling history of the Jewish community in New York during four decades of mass immigration, Tony Michels examines the defining role of the Yiddish socialist movement in the American Jewish experience. The movement, founded in the 1880s, was dominated by Russian-speaking intellectuals, including Abraham Cahan, Mikhail Zametkin, and Chaim Zhitlovsky. Socialist leaders quickly found Yiddish essential to convey their message to the Jewish immigrant community, and they developed a remarkable public culture through lectures and social events, workers' education societies, Yiddish schools, and a press that found its strongest voice in the mass-circulation newspaper Forverts. Arguing agains...
"This work explores the attitudes and ideologies of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century Marxist and social democratic intellectuals toward Zionism, anti-Semitism, Jewish socialist movements, and the nature and future of Jewry."-- publisher description.
Analyzes the role of the "Jewish question" in the politics of the German and Austrian Social Democratic parties before 1914. Socialism was not immune to antisemitism, and early socialists were ambivalent regarding the issue of Jewish emancipation. German Social Democracy parted ways with antisemitism only in the 1880s. At the same time, it tended to downplay antisemitism as a transitory phenomenon doomed to disappear. In the 1890s, on the wave of the "völkisch" movement, it even noted a revolutionary, anti-capitalist potential for antisemitism. While opposing antisemitism, the party did not want to appear as philosemitic. In Austria, populist antisemitism (e.g. that of Schönerer and Lueger) was more influential. It was only after Lueger's victory in Vienna that the Social Democrats altered their policy and attacked the Christian Socialists as a reactionary movement; to this end, they also used antisemitic arguments. As in Germany, Austrian Social Democrats tried to remain "neutral" toward antisemitism. In both Germany and Austria, the Social Democrats consistently denied that Jews constitute a nation and opposed all Jewish national movements.
The historical involvement of Jews in the political Left is well known, but far less attention has been paid to the political and ideological factors which attracted Jews to the Left. After the Holocaust and the creation of Israel many lost their faith in universalistic solutions, yet lingering links between Jews and the Left continue to exist.
Jewish socialism was a formative factor of modern Jewish history. Levin recaptures the personalities, ideas, and events of the far-reaching socialist movements. In tracing the development of the ideologies of the differing socialist groups, she portrays the often bitter struggles they had with each other and with the non-Jewish socialist movements, especially in Russia.
This work explores the attitudes and ideologies of late 19th- and early 20th century Marxist and social democratic intellectuals towards Zionism, anti-Semitism, Jewish socialist movements and the nature and future of Jewry. Luxemburg and Eduard Bernstein, Jack Jacobs argues that there was a rainbow of perspectives within the socialist world on the Jewish question. Socialists, Jacobs argues, were neither naturally inclined toward anti=Semitism, nor immune from anti-Semitic sentiments, nor were they united in their attitudes toward assimilation and Jewish nationalism. Jacobs' exhaustive culling of primary and secondary sources from a variety of countries and in a number of languages clearly illustrates that differing family backgrounds and national contexts, as well as changes in the political environment over several decades, are, in large part, responsible for the range of attitudes exhibited by socialists. history of socialist thought, European intellectual history and the Jewish experience.
A documentary history of the debate which raged in the pages of the Yiddish-American workers' periodical Forward in 1925 and 1926. Inspired by a visit to Palestine in 1925, Abe Cahan, the editor of Forward returned to America supporting many of the tenets of the Zionist project at the time. This was a position not shared by the majority of Jewish socialists in America. After a substantial introduction explaining the historical background of the debate, Goldstein (history, U. of Haifa) presents translations of the main parts of the debate, drawn from the pages of Forward, including concluding articles by Cahan. Distributed by ISBS. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
In the period from 1881 to 1917 socialist movements flourished in every major centre of Russian Jewish life, but, despite common foundations, there was often profound and bitter disagreement between them. This book describes the formation and evolution of these movements, which were at once united by a powerful vision and sundered by the contradictions of practical politics.
Winner of the 2013 New York Book Show Award in Scholarly/Professional Cover Design Jewish Radicals explores the intertwined histories of Jews and the American Left through a rich variety of primary documents. Written in English and Yiddish, these documents reflect the entire spectrum of radical opinion, from anarchism to social democracy, Communism to socialist-Zionism. Rank-and-file activists, organizational leaders, intellectuals, and commentators, from within the Jewish community and beyond, all have their say. Their stories crisscross the Atlantic, spanning from the United States to Europe and British-ruled Palestine. The documents illuminate in fascinating detail the efforts of large numbers of Jews to refashion themselves as they confronted major problems of the twentieth century: poverty, anti-semitism, the meaning of American national identity, war, and totalitarianism. In this comprehensive sourcebook, the story of Jewish radicals over seven decades is told for the first time in their own words.
Essential Papers on Jews and the Left presents a sweeping portrait of the defining impact of the left on modern Jewish politics and culture in Europe, Palestine/Israel, and the New World. The contributions in the first part, entitled The Jewish Left, discuss specifically Jewish radical organizations such as the Bund and Poale Zion. The second section, Jews in the Left, explores the activities of Jews in general left-wing politics, emphasizing their role in the Russian revolutionary movement.