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Senescence
In the second half of the twentieth century, life expectancy was prolonged, and the number of elderly people increased. The effect of population aging increases in the frequency of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, epilepsy, and stroke. Also, a higher incidence of infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignant cancers is observed in elderly people. The aging process is difficult to define. Are physiological changes in elderly people controlled by specific genes? Is aging process a pathophysiology affecting different organs with different severity? Finding answers to these questions may help prevent age-related diseases and improve the quality of life of old people. This book was made as a compendium on contemporary challenges in senescence.
Challenges in Parkinson's Disease
During the natural history of Parkinson's disease (PD), many patients require hospital admission for medical or surgical problems other than the motor features of PD. Therefore, they are often admitted to non-neurological wards where the staff is unfamiliar with PD management. Among the issues related to hospitalization in patients with PD, drug-related problems such as inappropriate levodopa timing of administration, the use of contraindicated, centrally acting antidopaminergic drugs and anticholinergic burden remain among the most troublesome.
Drosophila melanogaster
This book contains 12 chapters divided into two sections. Section 1 is "Drosophila - Model for Genetics." It covers introduction, chromosomal polymorphism, polytene chromosomes, chromosomal inversion, chromosomal evolution, cell cycle regulators in meiosis and nongenetic transgenerational inheritance in Drosophila. It also includes ecological genetics, wild-type strains, morphometric analysis, cytostatics, frequencies of early and late embryonic lethals (EEL and LEL) and mosaic imaginal discs of Drosophila for genetic analysis in biomedical research. Section 2 is "Drosophila - Model for Therapeutics." It explains Drosophila as model for human diseases, neurodegeneration, heart-kidney metabol...
Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease was discovered over 100 years ago and still belongs to incurable neurological diseases; its pharmacotherapy is considered to be ineffective. This book presents contemporary views on the genetic, biochemical, and immunological determinants of this disease. This book also concerns the issue of Alzheimer's disease prevention through lifestyle and physical activity. Moreover, it describes the therapies used in Alzheimer's disease to slow the progression of the disease and delay its onset. Subsequently, the authors discuss experimental and clinical trials used now and in the near future. We hope that this book will help the readers to understand the complex mechanism leading to the development of Alzheimer's disease and indicate effective ways to prevent this disorder.
Dopamine
The chemical basis of human emotions has been an exciting aspect in biology. The "feel-good chemical" dopamine (DA) is a hormone and also a neurotransmitter, which performs a critical role in reward and movement control in the brain. DA also performs multiple other functions outside the brain. Regulating unrelated critical biological functions makes this chemical a vital factor for sustaining life in both health and disease. Dopamine - Health and Disease is an endeavour with an objective to understand and appreciate the biological functions of DA in human wellbeing and its potential utility in biomedical research. This effort will supplement scientific and non-scientific communities in stimulating a critical understanding of the biological purpose of "ticklish" DA, which eventually supports the human relentless effort to reduce the burden of disease. As the most exciting molecule,dopamine directly impacts day-to-day life. Anyone who has an eye for health and disease-related concepts will find this book a good read.
Ischemic Stroke of Brain
The stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability across the globe. We have evolved from a sense of frustration and helplessness to proactive and effective management in the hyperacute and acute phase of a stroke. The aim is to salvage the ischemic brain and turn it again into a viable and functional one. Advances in imaging and newer therapeutic strategies of this devastating illness have changed our outlook. The modern management of an ischemic stroke involves intravenous thrombolysis within a window period of four and half hours. Endovascular management with newer stent retrievers has a higher rate of recanalization with an extended therapeutic window. A new era has emerged in the management of ischemic stroke treatment. This book, written by experts, aims to improve the understanding of stroke medicine for postgraduate medical students in medicine and neurology who have an interest in stroke care.
A Synopsis of Parkinson's Disease
Parkinsons disease is a disabling neurological condition with both motor and non-motor symptoms for which no cure is available at this stage. This book is unique in covering the most important topics related to Parkinsons disease. Current research and updates about some non-motor symptoms, as well as surgical treatment of Parkinsons disease, in addition to the long term complications of pharmacological treatments have been presented. This book can be used by physicians, researchers and neuroscientists who want to learn new information about these topics related to Parkinsons disease. Authors of the individual chapters are well known in their fields and the book has been edited by a world renowned Parkinsons disease expert.
2021 WHO Classification of Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Final Wedding Between Morphology and Molecular Biology?
Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are a dramatic health problem due to their high morbidity and mortality in all ages. In the pediatric population, brain tumors constitute the second most common cancer diagnosed worldwide each year, accounting for approximately 25% of childhood cancers. Although there has been a moderate increase in survival rates for children with CNS tumors over the past decades, CNS tumors remain the second leading cause of cancer death in children less than 20 years of age. The fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5) was recently released. This builds on the 2016 WHO CNS tumor update,...
