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The Jesuit Order As a Synagogue of Jews
In "The Jesuit Order as a Synagogue of Jews" the author explains how Christians with Jewish family backgrounds went within less than forty years from having a leading role in the foundation of the Society of Jesus to being prohibited from membership in it. The author works at the intersection to two important historical topics, each of which attracts considerable scholarly attention but that have never received sustained and careful attention together, namely, the early modern histories of the Jesuit order and of Iberian purity of blood concerns. An analysis of the pro- and anti-converso texts in this book (both in terms of what they are claiming and what their limits are) advance our understanding of early modern, institutional Catholicism at the intersection of early modern religious reform and the new racism developing in Spain and spreading outwards.
The Mission of the Portuguese Augustinians to Persia and Beyond (1602-1747)
In The Mission of the Portuguese Augustinians to Persia and Beyond (1602-1747), John M. Flannery describes the establishment and activities of the Portuguese Augustinian mission in Persia. Hopes of converting the Safavid ruler of the Shi’a Muslim state would come to naught, as would the attempts of Shah ‘Abbas I to use the services of the missionaries, as representatives of the Spanish Habsburgs, to forge an anti-Ottoman alliance with the papacy and the Christian rulers of Europe. Prevented from converting Muslims, the Augustinians turned their attention to Armenian and Syriac Christians in Isfahan, later also establishing new missions among Christians in Georgia and the Mandaeans of the Basra region, all of which are described herein. The history of the Augustinian Order is generally under-represented by contrast with other Orders, and this study breaks new ground in existing scholarship.
The Basque Medieval City
In order to understand the present, we must first look to the past. The law formed in the medieval territories of Vasconia (the Basque Country) advanced the political concepts that are active in the Basque Country today; such as the fuero, understood as a pact between those in power and the people, and the acquisition of rights through the concept of vecindad, or residence. The Basque Medieval City: The Laws of Estella and San Sebastian in the Twelfth Century looks to the eleventh-century laws of Vasconia, specifically the Code of Laws of Estella, one of the oldest known legal documents and a critical reference for a group of municipal charters during the medieval era, among them that of San Sebastian. This is relevant, as the Code of Laws of Estella reflects a distinctly democratic political system, recognizing not only women's rights, but also the rights of children and religious minorities. By examining the juridical, political, and social aspects of the fueros of Estella and San Sebastian, the contributors to this book paint a picture of an era that establishes a fuller understanding of the origins of the Basque political system.
The Threat of Geopolitics to International Relations
Geopolitics, both in name, and in its application via geostrategy, is a controversial area of international relations. Although the practice of obtaining resources is as old as Mankind, the word came into its own with the imperial policies of the great powers in the nineteenth century, was used to justify world wars, went into decline, but was ‘taken to America’ and then re-exported to Europe after the last war by the likes of Henry Kissinger. Nowadays, the term is used unconsciously by politicians obsessed with power, often to justify war. This book tears apart the simplistic thinking of geopolitics, and proposes its replacement with the authors’ own method of ‘geohistory’, a method based on recognising that at the base of any analysis and evaluation of the international situation lie human characteristics.
The First Jesuits
"An arrestingly new picture of the early Jesuits and the world in which they lived. ...." [from back cover]
I primi gesuiti
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Jesuits and Race
"Jesuits and Race: A Global History of Continuity and Change, 1530-2020 examines the role the Society of Jesus played in shaping Western understandings about race and explores the impact the Order had on the lives and societies of non-European peoples throughout history. Jesuits provide an unusual, if not unique, lens through which to view the topic of race given the global nature of the Society of Jesus and the priests' interest in humanity, salvation, conversion, science, and nature. Interactions, discussions, and debates occured at the loftiest of intellectual levels and at the most intimate of local settings, both offering a fascinating portal to examine oscillating attitudes about race....
Iberische Grenzregime
Die Iberische Halbinsel im Mittelalter war durch eine interreligiöse sowie zahlreiche binnen-christliche Grenzziehungen gekennzeichnet. Erstmals vergleicht die vorliegende Studie systematisch die Grenzen des Königreiches Kastilien zu seinen Anrainern Aragón, Navarra, León, Portugal und dem Naṣridenemirat. In raumsoziologischer Perspektive werden die Konstruktionsmechanismen von Herrschaftsgrenzen anhand der kastilischen Vertragsdiplomatie erörtert (ca. 1140 bis 1400). Vertragliche Argumentationen sowie historische und naturräumliche Bezüge zeigen, dass der Faktor der Interreligiosität hinter diplomatische Rahmenbedingen zurücktreten konnte. Die exemplarische Untersuchung lokaler Abgrenzungen, der Regulierung von Konflikten und des Handels an jeweils zwei kastilischen Grenzabschnitten zeigt das Wirkgefüge monarchischer, überregionaler und lokaler Akteure im Grenzregime. Die Arbeit eröffnet ein nuancierteres Verständnis der räumlichen Dimension von Herrschaft und demonstriert, wie einheitlich-religiöse und gemischt-religiöse Abgrenzungsprozesse vergleichend untersucht werden können.
