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Ca2+ signaling in neurons is characterized by highly restricted and dynamic gradients called Ca2+ waves, spikes, transients and puffs depending upon their corresponding spatial and temporal features. Based on this strict segmentation the Ca2+ ion provides a versatile basis for complex signaling in neuronal subcompartments with a spatial resolution of micro- and nanodomains. The multitude of Ca2+-regulated processes requires specialized downstream processing machinery, translating the Ca2+ signal into alterations of cellular processes. The broad range of different Ca2+-triggered phenomena in neurons, ranging from neurotransmission to gene expression, is reflected by the existence of a multitu...
This book introduces and analyzes the crucial role of AP-1 in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. AP-1 is the endpoint of several pathways of signal transduction, including one that triggers cancerous growth. The control of its activity is an issue of basic science, cancer therapy, and other diseases. The chapters provide multiple viewpoints of the emerging data on AP-1, including its role as a factor regulating genes involved in the metastatic properties of cancer, as a factor that interacts with viral gene products, and as a part of the mechanism by which steroid and retinoic acid receptors function as anti-inflammatory proteins.
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive loss of specific populations of neurons with consequent deterioration of brain's function and dramatic impact on human behavior. At present, there are no effective cures for neurodegenerative diseases. Because unambiguous diagnosis is possible only after manifestation of symptoms, when a large proportion of neurons has been already lost, therapies are necessarily confined to alleviation of symptoms. Development of cures halting the disease course is hampered by our rudimentary understanding of the etiopathology. Most neurodegenerative disorders are sporadic and age-related and - even for those of known genetic origin - the mech...
Covers: channels; secretory vesicles and exocytosis; receptors/coupling mechanisms; synaptic plasticity; modulatory factors; and protein kinases and control of gene expression. Includes both abstracts of papers, and poster sessions. Illustrated.
Listado y características de los españoles que fueron becados para realizar investigaciones en 1985.
Patients may complain of hurting down to the bone, but researchers are finding that in fact pain can go clear down to the molecule. Specialists offer 18 papers from a conference in Boston in October 1996 on recent research and its implications for treatment. They cover development aspects of sensory neurons, the neurobiology of inflammation, nerve injury, receptor and ion channels involved in transmitting pain, and projections for future developments. Among specific topics are afferent pain neurons such as altered spinal connections and changes in transmitter and receptor complement, growth-factor contributions to inflammation, and cloning genes for opioid receptors and sodium channels. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR