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Private Money & Public Currencies
An inquiry carried out by three economists (Boyer-Xambeu, Ghislain Deleplace, and Lucien Gillard) into the historical origins of modern monetary systems. These origins can be traced back to sixteenth- century Europe, where, for the first time, central money issued by princes and bank money issued by exchange bankers intersected. The result was a system that functioned on an international scale and covered all of western Europe. Translated from the French by Azizeh Azodi, with a foreword to the American edition by Charles P. Kindleberger. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Cuba
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Catalogue
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This Happened in My Presence
This Happened in My Presence reveals life in the small Spanish town of Deza during a period that was complex and tumultuous. The introduction explains the medieval origins of Deza's Christian, Muslim, and Jewish populations and the changing policies toward religious minorities under the Catholic Monarchs and the Hapsburgs. The workings of the Spanish Inquisition and of Deza's local religious and political institutions are clearly described. Helpful pedagogical materials enhance the primary sources: a timeline interweaving local, national, and international events; a cast of characters; four modern images of Deza; maps; a glossary; discussion questions; and a bibliography. Each set of documents is accompanied by a brief introduction and focus questions.
"We Are Now the True Spaniards"
This book is a radical reinterpretation of the process that led to Mexican independence in 1821—one that emphasizes Mexico's continuity with Spanish political culture. During its final decades under Spanish rule, New Spain was the most populous, richest, and most developed part of the worldwide Spanish Monarchy, and most novohispanos (people of New Spain) believed that their religious, social, economic, and political ties to the Monarchy made union preferable to separation. Neither the American nor the French Revolution convinced the novohispanos to sever ties with the Spanish Monarchy; nor did the Hidalgo Revolt of September 1810 and subsequent insurgencies cause Mexican independence. It was Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808 that led to the Hispanic Constitution of 1812. When the government in Spain rejected those new constituted arrangements, Mexico declared independence. The Mexican Constitution of 1824 affirms both the new state's independence and its continuance of Spanish political culture.
National Union Catalog
Includes entries for maps and atlases.
Diplomatic List
Directory of foreign diplomatic officers in Washington.
