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Imperfect Pregnancies
Introduction : scrutinized fetuses -- Born imperfect : birth defects before prenatal diagnosis -- Karyotypes -- Human malformations -- From prenatal diagnosis to prenatal screening -- Sex chromosome aneuploidies -- PND and new genomics approaches -- Conclusion : PND's slippery slopes, imagined and real
Viruses and Reproductive Injustice
Brazil's Zika outbreak revealed extreme health disparities and reproductive injustice across racial and socioeconomic lines. Brazil's 2015 Zika outbreak led to severe illnesses for many and the birth of several thousands of children with severe brain damage. Even though mosquito-borne diseases such as the Zika virus affect people across society, these children were born almost exclusively to poor, and usually non-white, women. In Viruses and Reproductive Injustice, Ilana Löwy explores the complicated health disparities and reproductive injustice that led to these cases of congenital Zika syndrome. Löwy examines the history of the outbreak in Brazil and connects it to broader questions conc...
Engineering Perfection
What do we owe our future children? How do advances in biomedical science bear on these obligations? How do capitalist incentives distort their execution? Advances in biotechnologies for human enhancement and designer babies appear to offer us new hope to control the fragility of human living. Some philosophers have argued that we have a moral imperative to use them, especially to eliminate disabilities. Elyse Purcell offers an opposing view, one guided by existential insights and Marxist reflections. Engineering Perfection: Solidarity, Disability, and Well-being explores the effect global capitalism may have on the selection of traits for our future children and how the commercialization of...
Brazilian Business
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Olhar Raro
As doenças raras afetam diretamente a vida de cerca de 13 milhões de pessoas, no Brasil, de acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde. E, segundo pesquisa realizada, pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Opinião e Estatística – IBOPE Inteligência, mostra que a cada 10 brasileiros, três desconhecem o que são doenças raras. Entre elas, há as progressivas, as crônicas e as degenerativas. Grande parte delas não tem cura e pode levar à morte. Mas esse cenário sombrio pode ser transformado com base no diagnóstico precoce e no tratamento adequado, pois ambos são capazes de aumentar a expectativa e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Para que isso seja possível, é necessário combater um...
Human Biology
Includes section "Recent literature useful in the study of human biology."
Tangled Diagnoses
Since the late nineteenth century, medicine has sought to foster the birth of healthy children by attending to the bodies of pregnant women, through what we have come to call prenatal care. Women, and not their unborn children, were the initial focus of that medical attention, but prenatal diagnosis in its present form, which couples scrutiny of the fetus with the option to terminate pregnancy, came into being in the early 1970s. Tangled Diagnoses examines the multiple consequences of the widespread diffusion of this medical innovation. Prenatal testing, Ilana Löwy argues, has become mainly a risk-management technology—the goal of which is to prevent inborn impairments, ideally through th...
