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From secular and ecclesiastical court records, Bennett reconstructs the lives of slave and free blacks, their regulation by the government and by the Church, the impact of the Inquisition, their legal status in marriage and their rights and obligations as Christian subjects.
In this bilingual book, The Roots of Our People: From One World to Another--Juntos, high school students of Juntos NC illustrate the roots of "where they're from" to demonstrate the strength of the Latino community. In a collection of poems, memoirs, essays, vignettes, and letters to the community, these authors define and embrace the power, challenges, and pride of living in two worlds-one within their Latino families and communities, and the other in their academic world. These worlds are not separate, but integrated, and it is their intersections that weave their values together. In resounding individual and collective voices, the authors describe how they embrace the roots of their people while they pursue higher education, advance new opportunities, and advocate for the immigrant community in America. It is the dualities of their identities that move them to write and to boldly proclaim the strengths, assets, power, and perseverance of their people.
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Having retaken Santa Fe by force of arms late in 1693, Diego de Vargas faces unrelenting challenges, waging active warfare against defiant Pueblo Indian resisters while maintaining peace with Pueblo allies; providing homes, food, and supplies for 1,500 unsure colonists; and bidding unceasingly for greater support from viceregal authorities in Mexico City. At the head of combined units of Spanish and Pueblo fighting men, the governor in 1694 leads repeated assaults on castle-like fortified sites. Through combat, prisoner exchange, and negotiation, he reestablishes the kingdom. Franciscans reopen some of the missions. Vargas founds the villa of Santa Cruz de la CaƱada. Pueblos north and west of Santa Fe rebel again in 1696; wearily, Vargas reports more blood on the boulders. Through The Journals of don Diego de Vargas, translated from official and private correspondence, we are drawn back, through conflict and compromise, into New Mexico's formative era.
Vols. for 1950-19 contained treaties and international agreements issued by the Secretary of State as United States treaties and other international agreements.
The first century of Spanish colonization in Latin America witnessed the birth of cities that, while secondary to great metropolitan centers such as Mexico City and Lima, became important hubs for regional commerce. Santiago de Guatemala, the colonial capital of Central America, was one of these. A multiethnic and multicultural city from its beginning, Santiago grew into a vigorous trading center for agrarian goods such as cacao and cattle hides. With the wealth this commerce generated, Spaniards, natives, and African slaves built a city that any European of the period would have found familiar. This book provides a more complete picture of society, culture, and economy in sixteenth-century ...