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'To err is human'. As a material and mechanical process, early printing made no exception to this general rule. Against the conventional wisdom of a technological triumph spreading freedom and knowledge, the history of the book is largely a story of errors and adjustments. Various mistakes normally crept in while texts were transferred from manuscript to printing formes and different emendation strategies were adopted when errors were spotted. In this regard, the 'Gutenberg galaxy' provides an unrivalled example of how scholars, publishers, authors and readers reacted to failure: they increasingly aimed at impeccability in both style and content, developed time and money-efficient ways to co...
A groundbreaking comparative history of the formation of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, from their origins in the eleventh century.
This book is about the creation, relocation, and reconstruction of libraries between the late Middle Ages and the Age of Confessionalization, that is, the era of religious division and struggle in Northern Europe following the Reformation and Counter-Reformation in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. At the time, different creeds clashed with each other, but it was also a period in which the political and intellectual geography of Europe was redrawn. Centuries-old political, economic, and cultural networks fell apart and were replaced with new ones. Books and libraries were at the centre of these cultural, political, and religious transformations, frequently seized as war booties and appropriated by their new owners in distant locations.
This book presents a detailed case study of Crux de Telcz (1434–1504), illustrating the complexity of the manuscript culture of the second half of the 15th century. The scholar reconstructs Crux’s biography using more than 150 colophons and notes, and analyzes his role as an author, translator, complier, glossator and primarily as a scribe. For comparison, Kimberly Rivers’ study on the Würzburg Franciscan scribe Johannes Sintram († 1450) is included in the book. The most conspicuous feature of the examined late medieval manuscript culture is the unprecedented number of scribe’s paratexts (contents, indexes, explanatory notes, references, identification of sources and others), accompanied by a no less unprecedented number of errors, confusions, obscurities and incoherencies. First volume of the Prague Medieval Studies (PRAMS) series.
Supported by the legal ideas of Hugo Grotius, the Swedish armies exploited opportunities to seize books as spoils of war from conquered enemies to an unparalleled degree in the seventeenth century. They took books from countries such as today’s Latvia, Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic and Denmark, distributing the goods to recently founded institutions and private manors in their native country. In Looted Libraries, Looted Books – The Swedish Case, Peter Sjökvist gives a summarizing overview of these plunders: from which regions and owners full libraries or selected books were taken during the conflicts, where they subsequently tended to end up when arriving in Sweden, and how they have been received and curated over the years. It is argued that it can be questioned whether large portions of the spoils have served any proper user needs in their new contexts.
The followers of the martyred Bohemian priest Jan Hus (1371-1415) formed one of the greatest challenges to the medieval Latin Church. Branded as heretics, outlawed, then forced to fight for their faith as well as their lives, the Hussites occupy one of the most colorful and challenging chapters of European religious history. The essays reprinted in this book (along with one here first published in English and additional notes) explore the essence of the early Hussite movement by focusing on the nature and development of heresy both as accusation and identity. Heresy and Hussites in Late Medieval Europe first examines the definition of heresy, and its comparative nature across Europe. It inve...
The sainted Hus -- The founder -- The patron -- The apocalyptic witness -- The prophet -- The Catholic -- The exemplar
The textual heritage of Medieval Latin is one of the greatest reservoirs of human culture. Repertories list more than 16,000 authors from about 20 modern countries. Until now, there has been no introduction to this world in its full geographical extension. Forty contributors fill this gap by adopting a new perspective, making available to specialists (but also to the interested public) new materials and insights. The project presents an overview of Medieval (and post-medieval) Latin Literatures as a global phenomenon including both Europe and extra-European regions. It serves as an introduction to medieval Latin's complex and multi-layered culture, whose attraction has been underestimated un...
Martin Luthers Thesen gegen den Ablass gaben 1517 den Anstoß zur Reformation. Weniger bekannt ist die lange Vorgeschichte der Ablassverkündung in der spätmittelalterlichen Kirche. Der auf eine im Rahmen der Lutherdekade geförderte interdisziplinäre Tagung in Rom 2015 zurückgehende Band beleuchtet den Kontext des Ablassstreites vor dem Hintergrund der weitverbreiteten Ablasskampagnen, die schon in den beiden Jahrhunderten davor im Kirchenleben etabliert waren. Protagonisten der Ablassverkündung waren nicht nur die den Ablass ausstellenden Päpste und Bischöfe, sondern auch die Orden und diverse Laiengruppen, die die Erträgnisse in verschiedensten Bereichen – vom Brückenbau bis zur...