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Car manufacturing involves the movement of large numbers of heavy, awkward objects incorporating some 20,000 parts, through a large number of short cycles. As to be expected the constant flow of the processes involved is disrupted by both the inherent complexities of production and those of market restrictions. This study, a unique blend of analysis, history and case studies, not only characterizes the essence of car manufacturing but also explains the links between production, market conditions and financial results and constraints. At the same time, it challenges fashionable views on the car industry and rejects the current preference for facile dichotomies (e.g. mass production vs. lean production; Japan vs. America; freedom vs. regulation). However, it also shows that the failure of BMC, the largest failure in the industry to date, cannot be attributed to its incomplete adoption of the best system. Ford and Toyota were exceptionally successful in their production organization but their solutions had more in common than is generally acknowledged, and those solutions also required exceptional market conditions for their successful implementation.
First published in 1981, From Pauperism to Poverty consists of seven essays, three of which focus on the English poor law between 1800 and 1914 and four of which examine texts of social investigation by Mayhew, Engels, Booth and Rowntree. Rather than making a specialist contribution to the history of social thought and policy, the essays raise general questions about current ways of writing history and alternative analyses of specific texts or institutions are developed. In doing so, the previous histories of the relief of pauperism and the discovery of poverty are revised at many points. Most notably, it is demonstrated for the first time that relief to unemployed men was virtually abolished after 1850. This book will be of interest to those studying the history of social welfare and poverty.
Considering the recent impact of the capital market on corporate strategy, this text analyzes, through argument and supportive case studies, how pressures from the capital bull market of the 1990s and bear market of the early 2000s, have reshaped management action and calculation in large, publicly quoted US and UK corporations. Beginning with the dissatisfaction with classical strategy and its limited engagement with the processes of financialization, the book moves on to cover three detailed company case studies (General Electric, Ford and GlaxoSmithKline) which use long run financial data and analysis of company and industry narratives to illustrate and explore key themes. The book emphas...
Presenting a coherent interpretation of the development of economic and social policy in Britain since 1945, this book analyses the political assumptions underlying post-war economic policy. It traces these assumptions through the classic texts of Keynes and Beveridge, the architects of limited, non-socialist state intervention to secure the welfare state and full employment. Topics covered include: * 'Private saving' versus company pensions * The level and composition of employment in Britain
For thirty years, the British economy has repeated the same old experiment of subjecting everything to competition and market because that is what works in the imagination of central government. This book demonstrates the repeated failure of that experiment by detailed examination of three sectors: broadband, food supply and retail banking. The book argues for a new experiment in social licensing whereby the right to trade in foundational activities would be dependent on the discharge of social obligations in the form of sourcing, training and living wages. Written by a team of researchers and policy advocates based at the Centre for Research on Socio Cultural Change, this book combines rigour and readability, and will be relevant to practitioners, policy makers, academics and engaged citizens.
Argues "that social scientists, governments and citizens need now to re-engage with the political dimensions of financial markets." - cover.
The foundational economy is everywhere: from clean water to care homes, schools to hospitals, these vital services were established between 1880 and 1980 to be collectively paid for, collectively delivered and collectively consumed. This essential framework has transformed the lives of billions, but in the last generation it has come under considerable attack. Privatisation, market choice and outsourcing have depleted the material infrastructure at the core of everyday life, and the foundational economy is in desperate need of renewal. This book sets out the principles and initiatives to end the degradation of the foundational economy and restore its essential place in society. In the face of our growing needs, the authors argue, politics must refocus on foundational consumption and universal minimum access and quality.
About social elites in various Western countries.
This book shows how the foundational economy - public services, infrastructure, education and health care - was built up between 1880 and 1980 so that they were collectively paid for, collectively delivered and collectively consumed. This system of provision has been undermined in the age of privatisation and outsourcing.
Drawing on case studies in areas of social and economic concern, this interdisciplinary collection explores how foundational experiments can foster collective consumption and promote social justice.