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Mycotoxins are the metabolites of fungus and are reported to contaminate nearly 25% of the food produced worldwide. The mycotoxins of most significance are the aflatoxins due to their severe health implications and their prevalence in food commodities on a larger scale. Aflatoxins are produced by certain species of fungi the most prominent among which are Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nominous. Food commodities of African and South Asian countries are especially reported to have aflatoxins well beyond the allowable limits but due to the global trade of food commodities developed countries are also prone towards the perils of aflatoxins. Moreover, climate changes may have a substa...
Changes in natural ecosystems can affect biodiversity on a global scale, which in turn affects global food production. Climate change develops under different environmental conditions such as high CO2 concentration, ultraviolet radiation, temperature, salinity, rainfall intensity, etc., causing an increase in the growth of new weeds and pathogens. All these factors alone and in complex can reduce growth, complicate photosynthesis, and reduce the physiological and biochemical responses of plants. On the other hand, studies in recent years have shown that the development of a dual strategy of breeding for stress tolerance and introducing stress tolerant plants into production systems to increa...
The increasing pressure from energy and environmental protection has made the research for sustainable electrical energy urgent. The integration of high-proportion renewable energy resources offers significant achievements for decreased carbon emissions and increased economic costs. This calls for new concepts of modelling, monitoring, planning, optimization, control, etc. Due to the complexity of electrical energy systems (EES), it is challenging to design effective and smart solutions. The emerging digital technologies may provide promising solutions owing to the successful development of artificial intelligence, blockchain, edge computing, 5g/6g, etc. Moreover, digital technologies facilitate the integration of cyber and physical systems, which further benefits the intelligent detection, coordination, and management of EESs. There are many challenges that require further research and development on policy, architecture, modelling, planning, operation, optimization, and control for sustainable EESs.
Medicinal and aromatic plants are beneficial to human health. Plant-derived molecules possess biological activities that can be used to prevent many infectious diseases and metabolic disorders. Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants summarizes techniques and methods used to study the biological activities of plant-derived extracts and compounds to study ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological features of medicinal and aromatic plants. This book: Includes computational approaches to study the pharmacological properties of biomolecules in medicinal and aromatic plants. Details methods in ethnopharmacology including chromatographical and analytical techniques. Demons...
In Ontologies and Natures: Knowledge about Health in Visual Culture, Fernando Gonzalez Rodriguez argues that visual culture offers insights into how societies perceive the role of nature in pursuits to cure and care for the human body. By using a set of visual surfaces and artefacts as entry points the book sheds light on ideas about nature as a healing source.
This Special Issue provides 15 research articles and 4 comprehensive review articles on various aspects of plant–metal/metalloid interactions. - Up-to-date information on plant responses to metals/metalloids are published. - Various mechanisms of plant tolerance to metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are presented. - Exogenous applications of mitigating metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are discussed. - Sustainable technologies in growing plants in metal/metalloid-contaminated environments are discussed. - Phytoremediation techniques for the remediation of metals/metalloids are discussed.
The book Eco-Restoration of the Polluted Environment: A Biological Perspective explores recent advances in biological strategies for the remediation of polluted environments, including soil, water, and air. It covers bioremediation of heavy metals, radioactive waste, and waste gases, which are believed to be bottleneck problems for researchers working in this field. The book contains separate chapters on genetic engineering technology for enhancement of the bioremediation potential of bioresources and the role of biosurfactants, enzymes, and exo-polysaccharides for bioremediation of polluted environments, along with basic aspects of eco-restoration by microorganisms. It summarizes the signif...
This book discusses the latest developments in plant-mediated fabrication of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, and their characterization by using a variety of modern techniques. It explores in detail the application of nanoparticles in drug delivery, cancer treatment, catalysis, and as antimicrobial agent, antioxidant and the promoter of plant production and protection. Application of these nanoparticles in plant systems has started only recently and information is still scanty about their possible effects on plant growth and development. Accumulation and translocation of nanoparticles in plants, and the consequent growth response and stress modulation are not well understood. Plants exp...
This volume provides summarized scientific evidence of the different classes of plant-derived phytocompounds, their sources, chemical structures, anticancer properties, mechanisms of action, methods of extraction, and their applications in cancer therapy. It also discusses endophyte-derived compounds as chemopreventives to treat various cancer types. In addition, it provides detailed information on the enhanced production of therapeutically valuable anticancer metabolites using biotechnological interventions such as plant cell and tissue culture approaches, including in vitro-, hairy root- and cell-suspension culture; and metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathways. Anticancer Plants: Nat...
: Agriculture, as a backdrop in India's economy, is critical because to its substantial percentage of job and livelihood generation. In India, agriculture's contribution to GDP is dropping while the number of people involved in agriculture and related activities remains high, creating worries about both land and labour productivity. Throughout history, technological innovations have had a significant impact on agriculture. So far, technological development in Indian agriculture has remained an unfinished undertaking. The influence of new technology varies according on crop and locale. Clearly, the progress made thus far has been limited and symbolic, and much more has to be done to appropria...