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Reckoning and Framing
It is necessary for every discipline to take stock of its own current state every 20-30 years. Such review helps determine the discipline's path and tasks for the coming decades, and it also facilitates reflection upon the changes and challenges of the scientific and non-scientific world around it. For this purpose, the Committee of Ethnography of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences organized a series of conferences on the current state and the future of ethnography between 2018 and 2020. Those papers of international interest have been translated and are presented in this volume. The first section discusses the dilemmas of ethnography/ethnology as an independent discipline. Articles in the se...
Behind the Iron Curtain
This edited volume offers a systematic exploration of the relations between Western and Eastern scientists during the Cold War from the Eastern European perspective using the example of economic history. Introducing famous as well as almost forgotten scholars who attempted to eliminate the Iron Curtain and strove to break through the obstacles against the transfer of scientific ideas, the book challenges the narrative of the non-cooperative nature of scientific work during the Cold War due to socialist scientists’ incapability and disinclination to engage openly in international discussions. The book contributes to a deeper collective understanding of the multiple contemporary ideological and political circumstances that influenced scientific work and individual scientists' careers and explores the options scientists in socialist countries had - and utilized - to develop their research in collaboration with their Western colleagues.
Everyday Life under Communism and After
By providing a survey of consumption and lifestyle in Hungary during the second half of the twentieth century, this book shows how common people lived during and after tumultuous regime changes. After an introduction covering the late 1930s, the study centers on the communist era, and goes on to describe changes in the post-communist period with its legacy of state socialism. Tibor Valuch poses a series of questions. Who could be called rich or poor and how did they live in the various periods? How did living, furnishings, clothing, income, and consumption mirror the structure of the society and its transformations? How could people accommodate their lifestyles to the political and social system? How specific to the regime was consumption after the communist takeover, and how did consumption habits change after the demise of state socialism? The answers, based on micro-histories, statistical data, population censuses and surveys help to understand the complexities of daily life, not only in Hungary, but also in other communist regimes in east-central Europe, with insights on their antecedents and afterlives.
The Battle of Mohács, 1526
The story of the battle of Mohács and of King Louis II’s dramatic escape, only to meet his end by falling from his horse and drowning in the stream of Csele, is well-known. These traumatic events have been seen as symbolizing the fall of the independent Hungarian Kingdom and the dawn of an age of oppression. This volume presents new research on these events and their interpretation, focusing on topics such as battlefield reconstruction, troop involvement, firearm use, and later political use and abuse of the memory of the battle. Contributors are Pál Fodor, Péter Gyenizse, Erika Hancz, Máté Kitanics, Sándor Konkoly, Dénes Lóczy, Tamás Morva, Norbert Pap, Júlia Papp, Gábor Szalai, and Gábor Varga.
International Exchange in the Early Modern Book World
International Exchange in the Early Modern Book World presents new research on several aspects of the movement and exchange of books between countries, languages and confessions. It considers elements of the international book trade, the circulation and collection of texts, the practice of translation and the diffusion and exchange of technical and cultural knowledge. Commercial and logistical aspects of the early modern book trade are considered, as are the relationships between local markets and the internationally-minded firms which sought to meet their expectations. The barriers to the movement of books across borders – political, linguistic, confessional, cultural – are explored, as are the means by which these barriers were surmounted.
Gimnazisták és társadalom Magyarországon a 19. század első felében
A tanulás sorsformáló tényező, azonban az, hogy ki miként viszonyul hozzá, milyen jelentőséget tulajdonít az iskolai teljesítménynek, igen különböző lehet. Aligha kétséges, hogy ebben a családi háttérnek, a szülők kulturális beállítottságának meghatározó jelentősége van. Az iskola társadalmi használatától és a politikai keretektől függ, hogy az oktatási intézmények milyen mértékben válnak, válhatnak az érvényesülés eszközévé. Az így értelmezett iskolázásnak a története pedig komoly tanulságokkal szolgálhat a jelen számára. Ez a könyv a régi középiskola, a gimnázium, mint társadalmi intézmény működését és hatását vi...
Egy monolit rendszer árnyalatai
„Lehetséges-e monolit rendszer? Tudniillik a valóságban. Mert emberek képzeletében igen. Olyanokéban, akik megálmodnak és működtetni próbálnak monolit rendszereket. És olyanokéban, akik azok (szükségszerű) felbomlása után – politikai érdekből – szeretnék annak láttatni – másokkal is. Politikai híveikkel és azzá megnyerni kívánt emberekkel. S főként: az adott korszakokat személyes élmények révén nem ismerő ifjúsággal. Pedig maga a tény, hogy valamennyi eddigi monolit(nak hitt) rendszer – előbb vagy utóbb – megszűnt, mást bizonyít. Éppen azért bomlott fel, dőlt össze minden ilyen konstrukció, mert a valóságban egyik sem volt monol...
Digital Photography and Everyday Life
Digital Photography and Everyday Life: Empirical studies on material visual practices explores the role that digital photography plays within everyday life. With contributors from ten different countries and backgrounds in a range of academic disciplines - including anthropology, media studies and visual culture - this collection takes a uniquely broad perspective on photography by situating the image-making process in wider discussions on the materiality and visuality of photographic practices and explores these through empirical case studies. By focusing on material visual practices, the book presents a comprehensive overview of some of the main challenges digital photography is bringing t...
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Constitutional History of Transylvania
This book examines the constitutional history of Transylvania, a region of Central Europe that has experienced a compelling series of historical events and been governed by a variety of ancient, medieval, and modern entities, as well as its own peoples, who from time to time have jointly or separately exercised their right to self-governance. The book’s main goal is to provide, for the first time in English, a comprehensive source for those interested in the variety of states, constitutional and public legal orders which have succeeded one another during Transylvania’s tumultuous history. It serves to underline the region’s uniqueness as a space where (for better or worse) several nationalities, multiple religions and varied cultures have had to find a way to get along, under the pressures of external state and constitutional orders. It seeks to show both the positive and the negative solutions found, which advanced or hindered this goal of organised coexistence.
