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N-ary Relations for Logical Analysis of Data and Knowledge
Mathematics has been used as a tool in logistical reasoning for centuries. Examining how specific mathematic structures can aid in data and knowledge management helps determine how to efficiently and effectively process more information in these fields. N-ary Relations for Logical Analysis of Data and Knowledge is a critical scholarly reference source that provides a detailed study of the mathematical techniques currently involved in the progression of information technology fields. Featuring relevant topics that include algebraic sets, deductive analysis, defeasible reasoning, and probabilistic modeling, this publication is ideal for academicians, students, and researchers who are interested in staying apprised of the latest research in the information technology field.
Complicated Methods of Logical Analysis Based on Simple Mathematics
Those who want to understand logic, if they manage to pass at least an initial, though far from simple, modern course of study, eventually conclude that practically logic consists in formulating premises and a taken-from-nowhere assertion in an incomprehensible language and then proving or disproving cause-consequence links between them. Conversely, many topical tasks of logical analysis, such as forming and testing hypotheses, inferring consequences with predefined properties, and searching for, and analysis of, logical errors and inconsistencies in reasoning, among others, are outside the scope of this discourse. They are scattered haphazardly in works on theory of argumentation, non-classical logics, and artificial intelligence. This book demonstrates the capabilities of two relatively simple mathematical systems developed by the authors, namely E-structures and n-tuple algebra, which allow the modelling of various types of reasoning and solve the above and some other tasks of logical analysis.
Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fifth Edition
The rise of intelligence and computation within technology has created an eruption of potential applications in numerous professional industries. Techniques such as data analysis, cloud computing, machine learning, and others have altered the traditional processes of various disciplines including healthcare, economics, transportation, and politics. Information technology in today’s world is beginning to uncover opportunities for experts in these fields that they are not yet aware of. The exposure of specific instances in which these devices are being implemented will assist other specialists in how to successfully utilize these transformative tools with the appropriate amount of discretion...
Measuring Identity
Abdelal, Herrera, Johnston, and McDermott have brought together leading scholars from a variety of disciplines to consider the conceptual and methodological challenges associated with treating identity as a variable, offer a synthetic theoretical framework, and demonstrate the possibilities offered by various methods of measurement.
Russia's International Relations in the Twentieth Century
Russia has long been a major player in the international relations arena, but only by examining the whole century can Russian foreign policy be properly understood, and the key questions as to the impact of war, of revolution, of collapse, the emergence of the Cold War and Russia’s post-Soviet development be addressed. Surveying the whole of the twentieth century in an accessible and clear manner Russia’s International Relations in the Twentieth Century provides an overview and narrative, with analysis, that will serve as an introduction and resource for students of Russian foreign policy in the period, and those who seek to understand the development of modern Russia in an international...
A Companion to International History 1900 - 2001
A comprehensive overview of the most important international events, movements, and controversies of the 20th century. Written by distinguished scholars, each an authority in their field Explores influential, underlying themes such as imperialism, nationalism, internationalism, technological developments, and changes in diplomatic methods Addresses a broad range of topics, including diplomacy of wartime and peacemaking, the cold war era and the "new world order", the end of European empires, the rise of nationalism in the Third World, globalization, and terrorism Chronological organization makes the volume easily accessible Includes useful guides for further reading and research
Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Network Architecture, Mobile Computing, and Data Analytics
From cloud computing to data analytics, society stores vast supplies of information through wireless networks and mobile computing. As organizations are becoming increasingly more wireless, ensuring the security and seamless function of electronic gadgets while creating a strong network is imperative. Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Network Architecture, Mobile Computing, and Data Analytics highlights the challenges associated with creating a strong network architecture in a perpetually online society. Readers will learn various methods in building a seamless mobile computing option and the most effective means of analyzing big data. This book is an important resource for information technology professionals, software developers, data analysts, graduate-level students, researchers, computer engineers, and IT specialists seeking modern information on emerging methods in data mining, information technology, and wireless networks.
Mending Fences
Mending Fences illuminates the forces driving Moscow’s China policy, from the Ussuri River clashes in 1969 to the "strategic partnership" of the 1990s. Elizabeth Wishnick analyzes the efforts of Soviet leaders simultaneously to maintain their supremacy in the international communist movement, defend their borders from a perceived Chinese threat, and ensure the compliance of regional authorities in enforcing China policy.
Mao and the Sino-Soviet Split, 1959–1973
In the twenty-first century, students of Cold War history are fortunate to have the fruits of several major works on the Sino-Soviet split by European and American scholars. What is lacking in English literature, however, is a book based on international documentation, especially Chinese archival documents that tell the story from the Chinese perspective. Based on archival materials from several countries—particularly China—and more than twenty years of research on the subject, two prominent Chinese historians, Danhui Li and Yafeng Xia, offer a comprehensive look at the Sino–Soviet split from 1959, when visible cracks appeared in the Sino-Soviet alliance, to 1973, when China’s foreig...
