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Implant System for the Recording of Internal Muscle Activity to Control a Hand Prosthesis
An implantable system to invasively acquire muscle activity for controlling a bionic hand prosthesis is presented. The system utilizes two wireless interfaces for data and power transmission. Furthermore, a multichannel custom made low-power application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) was designed in 130 nm technology to amplify, filter and digitize the analogue muscle-activity. A trade-off between power consumption, silicon area and noise was considered during the design phase. The implant system was successfully tested by several animal experiments (sheep and rhesus macaques). The invasively recorded muscle activity possesses a higher amplitude, higher selectivity and more stability than its surface recorded counterpart. It provides an opportunity for simple and smooth control of a hand prosthetic system with high number of degrees of freedom.
Impedance spectroscopy for characterization of biological matter
Standard characterization methods of biological cells are time consuming and may reduce cell viability by staining them with markers. An alternative fast and non-destructive method is developed using impedance spectroscopy, which has potential applications in biology. The technique is used to identify tumor cells in mice, detect bacterial eye infections, monitor fruit ripening, and measure sweat lactate concentration in humans by using a skin sensor. These applications often require a portable measurement system. Therefore, three portable systems were designed and tested. It has been shown that the method can be further improved by four-terminal measurements. For extension of the method in the millimeter-wave frequencies, full electromagnetic simulation of the chip has been carried out, and electrodes and interconnections have been adjusted accordingly.
Stimulation of Neurons by Electrical Means
In this work, the use of different techniques to achieve a fully implantable neurostimulator is analyzed. The target is invasive electrical stimulation for applications requiring a large number of stimulation sites, such as implants to restore vision, e.g. retinal implants. The approaches analyzed are: the use of metal electrodes covered by a conductive polymer, PEDOT, which reduces the electrode impedance; the use of non-rectangular waveforms to save energy during the electrical stimulation; and high circuitry integration in an ASIC to combine the above mentioned techniques. The result is a design with small silicon area and low energy requirements.
Smart system for invasive measurement of biomedical parameters
Permanent monitoring of blood pressure helps in diagnosis and tracking progress of medical interventions. This dissertation details the design, fabrication and implementation of tiny wirelessly powered implant devices for detection of endoleaks and occlusion occurring in stent grafts used for treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) and portal hypertension (due to liver cirrhosis). Custom fabricated low-power application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) together with pressure sensors and telemetry units for wireless power reception and data transmission form an implant device. Using wireless inductive telemetry links, these devices achieved a wireless range of 20 cm.
Placental-Fetal Growth Restriction
Master the effective evaluation of placental-fetal growth restriction (PFGR), whilst developing strategies to reduce the risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity in patients worldwide.
Handbook of Milk of Non-Bovine Mammals
THE ONLY SINGLE-SOURCE GUIDE TO THE LATEST SCIENCE, NUTRITION, AND APPLICATIONS OF ALL THE NON-BOVINE MILKS CONSUMED AROUND THE WORLD Featuring contributions by an international team of dairy and nutrition experts, this second edition of the popular Handbook of Milk of Non-Bovine Mammals provides comprehensive coverage of milk and dairy products derived from all non-bovine dairy species. Milks derived from domesticated dairy species other than the cow are an essential dietary component for many countries around the world. Especially in developing and under-developed countries, milks from secondary dairy species are essential sources of nutrition for the humanity. Due to the unavailability of...
Chips 2020
The chips in present-day cell phones already contain billions of sub-100-nanometer transistors. By 2020, however, we will see systems-on-chips with trillions of 10-nanometer transistors. But this will be the end of the miniaturization, because yet smaller transistors, containing just a few control atoms, are subject to statistical fluctuations and thus no longer useful. We also need to worry about a potential energy crisis, because in less than five years from now, with current chip technology, the internet alone would consume the total global electrical power! This book presents a new, sustainable roadmap towards ultra-low-energy (femto-Joule), high-performance electronics. The focus is on ...
