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A major goal of materials science is to create new engineering materials and optimize their cost and performance. Understanding how adjacent materials behave at their borders is an essential part of this process. Grain boundaries are the longest-known crystal defects, but although they were discovered in the mid-eighteenth century, until quite rece
The choice of a material for a certain application is made taking into account its properties. If, for example one would like to produce a table, a hard material is needed to guarantee the stability of the product, but the material should not be too hard so that manufacturing is still as easy as possible - in this simple example wood might be the material of choice. When coming to more advanced applications the required properties are becoming more complex and the manufacturer`s desire is to tailor the properties of the material to fit the needs. To let this dream come true, insights into the microstructure of materials is crucial to finally control the properties of the materials because the microstructure determines its properties. Written by leading scientists in the field of microstructural design of engineering materials, this book focuses on the evolution and behavior of granular microstructures of various advanced materials during plastic deformation and treatment at elevated temperatures. These topics provide essential background and practical information for materials scientists, metallurgists and solid state physicists.
The current work analyzes degradation effects in solid-oxide fuel cell anodes with the phase-field method. A model extension for interface diffusion is formulated and calibrated. Large-scale 3D-simulations provide interesting insights into phenomena at the microscale which are responsible for the degradation
We use numbers here, there and everywhere -- Numbers are some of my favorite things -- Linking numbers : operations on numbers -- Words and numbers : being careful -- Writing really big and really small numbers, and those in-between -- Touching all bases, at times with logs -- Numbers need to be exact, but it ain't necessarily so -- The different types of numbers have not evolved, but our understanding of them has -- Really, really big and really, really small numbers -- The whole truth of whole numbers -- The math of the digital world : modular arithmetic (or using number leftovers) -- The math of what will be : progressions of growth and decay -- Untangling the worlds of probability and statistics -- The math of what might be : probability - what are the odds? -- The math of what was : statistics - the good, the bad, and the evil -- The math of big data -- The math of optimization, ranking, voting, and allocation -- The math of gaming -- The math of risk.
This proceedings volume includes papers covering a broad selection of topics related to advanced materials processing and fabrication. Contents: Nonmetallic materials (4 papers) ? Advanced metallic alloys (6 papers) ? Materials for hydrogen storage and energy conversion (6 papers) ? Nanocrystalline and amorphous materials (6 papers) ? Nanometals and metal-matrix composites (6 papers) ? Composite materials (6 papers) ? Metals and composites (4 papers)
A major goal of materials science is to create new engineering materials and optimize their cost and performance. Understanding how adjacent materials behave at their borders is an essential part of this process. Grain boundaries are the longest-known crystal defects, but although they were discovered in the mid-eighteenth century, until quite rece
Laser assisted fabrication involves shaping of materials using laser as a source of heat. It can be achieved by removal of materials (laser assisted cutting, drilling, etc.), deformation (bending, extrusion), joining (welding, soldering) and addition of materials (surface cladding or direct laser cladding). This book on ́Laser assisted Fabrication’ is aimed at developing in-depth engineering concepts on various laser assisted macro and micro-fabrication techniques with the focus on application and a review of the engineering background of different micro/macro-fabrication techniques, thermal history of the treated zone and microstructural development and evolution of properties of the treated zone.
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