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Economics of Climate Change in the Arab World
This book assesses the impacts of climate change on the economy, agricultural sector, and households in three of the MENA countries; Syria, Tunisia and Yemen. The major channels of impact for global climate change are through changing world food (and energy) prices, especially since all the countries
Diversified Development
Eurasian economies have to become efficient more productive, job-creating, and stable. But efficiency is not the same as diversification. Governments need to worry less about the composition of exports and production and more about asset portfolios natural resources, built capital, and economic institutions.
Lithuania: Analytical background
Soon after its declaration of independence, Lithuania launched a program of market-based economic reforms that achieved remarkable results. However, a banking crisis erupted in January 1996, driven by a combination of ineffective bank supervision, poor bank practices, and deep-rooted sectoral imbalances. With financial support from the World Bank, Lithuanian authorities embarked on a broad economic reform program with two immediate objectives: the resolution of the banking system's operational and undercapitalization problems, and a reduction in the most severe imbalances in the economy. 'Volume I' distills findings and conclusions and builds a policy action plan for fast stable growth. 'Volume II' contains a collection of twelve policy notes that provide the technical analysis behind that plan.
The Private Sector and Power Generation in China
..".the Chinese government remains aware of the potential threats to the economy (foreign capital flight, loss of competitiveness, drop in consumers' confidence, etc.) and is striving to continue to provide a stable environment for domestic investment and household consumption to maintain growth." Since the early 1980s, the Chinese Government has eased restrictions on the power industry and ensured private participation in power sector development. In the aftermath of the Asian economic and financial crisis, concerns are being raised about Chinese currency (Renminbi) devaluation and the impact of the slowdown of electricity growth on the implementation of past contracts and new investment op...
Ukraine at the Crossroads
Axel Siedenberg, Lutz Hoffmann 1 The specificity of transformation in Ukraine When the Soviet empire collapsed in the very early 1990s, the new era that dawned was commonly given the name 'transformation', implying the systemic change from socialism towards some form of market economy. Almost ten years later, 'the' transformation process does not exist any more; instead, a whole variety of transformations are taking place in Eastern Europe and the CIS: Whereas some countries are heading towards EU membership (e. g. Poland), others are still pondering on what economic system to adopt (e. g. Russia) and yet others have rejected a market-oriented transformation outright (e. g. Belarus). Within ...
Electronic Finance
Technological developments in electronic finance have changed the nature and delivery of financial services in recent years, especially through the use of online banking, online trading and brokerage services. This report reviews the developments in e-finance and analyses the implications for consumers, financial service providers and governments. Issues discussed include: the impact on competition within the financial services industry; how financial sector policies in emerging markets are affected; public policy and regulatory requirements.
Slovak Republic--joining the EU
Annotation This study suggests an 11-point agenda for immediate policy action and a longer-term overhaul of major spending programs in the areas of education, health and social protection.
Government Guarantees
The book considers when governments should give guarantees to private investors. After describing the history of guarantees, and the challenges the politics and psychology create for good decisions, the book sets out a principles for allocating risk (and therefore guarantees), techniques for valuing guarantees, and rules to encourage good decisions.
