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Causal Learning
Understanding causal structure is a central task of human cognition. Causal learning underpins the development of our concepts and categories, our intuitive theories, and our capacities for planning, imagination and inference. During the last few years, there has been an interdisciplinary revolution in our understanding of learning and reasoning: Researchers in philosophy, psychology, and computation have discovered new mechanisms for learning the causal structure of the world. This new work provides a rigorous, formal basis for theory theories of concepts and cognitive development, and moreover, the causal learning mechanisms it has uncovered go dramatically beyond the traditional mechanisms of both nativist theories, such as modularity theories, and empiricist ones, such as association or connectionism.
The Oxford Handbook of the Self
The Oxford Handbook of the Self explores a fascinating diversity of questions about our understanding of self from a variety of interdisciplinary perspectives, including philosophy, ethics, psychology, neuroscience, psychopathology, narrative, and postmodern theories.
The Intellectual Lives of Children
A look inside the minds of young children shows how we can better nurture their abilities to think and grow. Adults easily recognize children’s imagination at work as they play. Yet most of us know little about what really goes on inside their heads as they encounter the problems and complexities of the world around them. In The Intellectual Lives of Children, Susan Engel brings together an extraordinary body of research to explain how toddlers, preschoolers, and elementary-aged children think. By understanding the science behind how children observe their world, explain new phenomena, and solve problems, parents and teachers will be better equipped to guide the next generation to become p...
Technology's Child
How children engage with technology at each stage of development, from toddler to twentysomething, and how they can best be supported. What happens to the little ones, the tweens, and the teenagers, when technology—ubiquitous in the world they inhabit—becomes a critical part of their lives? This timely book Technology's Child brings much-needed clarity to what we know about technology’s role in child development. Better yet, it provides guidance on how to use what we know to help children of all ages make the most of their digital experiences. From toddlers who are exploring their immediate environment to twentysomethings who are exploring their place in society, technology inevitably ...
Becoming Scientific
What does it mean to be ‘sciencey’? Why do some people of all ages engage avidly with space and astronauts, birds and butterflies, chemicals and equations, while others detest and ‘hate’ the very ideas? This book develops in-depth analyses of the ‘science identities’ of very different people—young and old of diverse backgrounds—in order to explore their immersion in, and entanglement with, the processes of learning science. At the centre of the book lies a collection of their ‘science life’ stories, detailing their engagement with both formal education in schools and colleges, and informal science learning in the culture of everyday life. The text highlights how science educators, teachers, parents and science communicators more generally can foster and support the formation and transformation of people’s science identities, providing strategies to support the learning journey of children, adolescents and adults within a broad range of learning environments.
What Babies Know
What do infants know? How does the knowledge that they begin with prepare them for learning about the particular physical, cultural, and social world in which they live? Answers to this question shed light not only on infants but on children and adults in all cultures, because the core knowledge possessed by infants never goes away. Instead, it underlies the unspoken, common sense knowledge of people of all ages, in all societies. By studying babies, researchers gain insights into infants themselves, into older children's prodigious capacities for learning, and into some of the unconscious assumptions that guide our thoughts and actions as adults. In this major new work, Elizabeth Spelke sha...
Metacognition and Severe Adult Mental Disorders
Many adults who experience severe mental illness also suffer from deficits in metacognition - put simply, thinking about one’s own thought processes - limiting their abilities to recognize, express and manage naturally occurring painful emotions and routine social problems as well as to fathom the intentions of others. This book presents an overview of the field, showing how current research can inform clinical practice. An international range of expert contributors provide chapters which look at the role of metacognitive deficit in personality disorders, schizophrenia, and mood disorders, and the implications for future psychotherapeutic treatment. Divided into three parts, areas covered include: how metacognitive deficits may arise and the different forms they might take the psychopathology of metacognition in different forms of mental illness whether specific deficits in metacognition might help us understand the difficulties seen in differing forms of severe mental illness. Offering varying perspectives and including a wealth of clinical material, this book will be of great interest to all mental health professionals, researchers and practitioners.
Why?
Livio investigates curiosity through the lives of paragons of inquisitiveness as Leonardo da Vinci and Richard Feynman. He interviewed a range of exceptionally curious people from an astronaut with degrees in statistics, medicine, and literature to a rock guitarist with a PhD in astrophysics
Bioethics and Racism
This volume aims to explore some of the practices, conflicts, negotiations and struggles at the interplay of bioethics and racism. This requires shedding light on the hegemonic power relationships that condemn some population groups to a condition of subjugation, suffering, and oppression. By unpacking notions that have been taken for granted and dismantling rhetorics that are veiled in discourses and rationales pertaining to race and racism, we highlight possible ways in which bioethics can operate across disciplinary boundaries and strengthen its connection with equity and social justice, which also entails striving for a "bioethics in action".
