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Vaccine Efficacy Evaluation
Testing the immunogenicity, protective efficacy and safety in animal models is a crucial step in vaccine development. Pigs raised in germ-free environments, called gnotobiotic (Gn) pigs, are one of the most useful animal models for testing vaccines. The Gn pig model is a widely accepted model for studying pathogenesis and immunity and an ideal model for pre-clinical testing for the safety and efficacy of enteric viral vaccines. Through these studies and others, the Gn pig model has been established as the most reliable animal model for pre-clinical evaluation of human rotavirus and norovirus vaccines. This book provides detailed information on establishing Gn pig models, determining a proper...
The Guinea Pig Model
This book summarizes the development and statistical validation of a guinea pig model as an alternative for potency testing of the viral antigens included in combined vaccines applied in cattle to control the respiratory, reproductive, and neonatal calf diarrhea syndromes. The model allows, in one serum sample, to test the vaccine quality for all the viral antigens included in aqueous as well as in oil-adjuvanted formulations of bovine vaccines. The methodology proposed for the control of bovine herpes virus, parainfluenza, and rotavirus were recommended by CAMEVET as guidelines for the 30 countries in the forum, including the US. Key Features Reviews combined vaccines used for cattle Summarizes animal models used for vaccine testing Focuses on bovine herpesviruses, rotaviruses, parainfluenza, and bovine viral diarrhea virus Provides guidance on the effectiveness of the Guinea Pig model for testing vaccine immunogenicity
Virus Detection
Viruses do not behave as other microbes; their life cycles require infecting healthy cells, commandeering their cellular apparatus, replicating and then killing the host cell. Methods for virus detection and identification have been developed only in the past few decades. These recently developed methods include molecular, physical, and proteomic techniques. All these approaches (Electron Microscopy, Molecular, Direct Counting, and Mass Spectrometry Proteomics) to detection and identification are reviewed in this succinct volume. It is written in approachable language with enough detail for trained professionals to follow and want to recommend to others. Key Features Covers common detection methods Reviews the history of detection from antiquity to the present Documents the strengths and weaknesses of various detection methods Describes how to detect newly discovered viruses Recommends specific applications for clinical, hospital, environmental, and public health uses
Lactic Acid Bacteria
Ongoing scientific research in many parts of the world on the genomics, proteomics and genetic engineering of LAB is increasing our understanding of their physiology, pushing further the boundaries for their potential applications. "Lactic Acid Bacteria - R
Early Detection and Diagnosis of Cancer
Jian-Bing Fan is a professor at Southern Medical University, China, and founder of AnchorDx. Jin Jen has a joint appointment with the Mayo Clinic and Bristol-Myers Squibb. Neeraj Salathia is employed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject.
Inflammation, Infection, and Microbiome in Cancers
This book offers a summary and discussion of the advances of inflammation and infection in various cancers. The authors cover the classically known virus infections in cancer, novel roles of other pathogens (e.g. bacteria and fungi), as well as biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. Further, the chapters highlight the progress of immune therapy, stem cells and the role of the microbiome in the pathophysiology of cancers. Readers will gain insights into complex microbial communities, that inhabit most external human surfaces and play a key role in health and disease. Perturbations of host-microbe interactions often lead to altered host responses that can promote cancer development. Thus, this ...
Advancing Genomics for Rare Disease Diagnosis and Therapy Development
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Mechanisms Underlying Host-Microbiome Interactions in Pathophysiology of Human Diseases
Only recently have we begun to appreciate the role of microbiome in health and disease. Environmental factors and change of life style including diet significantly shape human microbiome that in turn appears to modify gut barrier function affecting nutrient & electrolyte absorption and inflammation. Approaches that can reverse the gut dysbiosis represent as reasonable and novel strategies for restoring the balance between host and microbes. In the book, we offer summary and discussion on the advances in understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of microbial host interactions in human diseases. We will not only discuss intestinal bacterial community, but also viruses, fungi and oral microbiome. Microbiome studies will facilitate diagnosis, functional studies, drug development and personalized medicine. Thus, this book will further highlight the microbiome in the context of health and disease, focusing on mechanistic concepts that underlie the complex relationships between host and microbes.
