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In this open-access monograph, Paul Weller explores how the movement known as Hizmet (meaning “service”) is undergoing a period of transitions in Europe. Inspired by the teaching and practice of the Turkish Islamic scholar, Fethullah Gülen, Hizmet has been active in Europe (and other continents) for several decades. It has always been subject to some degree of contestation, which has intensified following the July 2016 coup attempt in Turkey, for which the current Turkish government holds Fethullah Gülen and Hizmet as responsible – a claim they strongly deny. In Turkey, thousands of people associated with Hizmet have been imprisoned. In Europe, pressures have been brought to bear on ...
Effectively managing increasingly scarce transboundary water resources in many parts of the world may become one of the most critical challenges facing the international community in the 21st century. Global warming is expected to exacerbate the existing problems of water scarcity in Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia, and threatens to affect even relatively water-secure regions and countries. Global freshwater resources are shrinking at an increasing pace. Forty percent of the world's population depends on transboundary water resources, a situation that raises serious concerns at the international level. Unresolved issues of water resource use and allocation may create the potential f...
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Düsünün, dini bir cemaat dini kavramlarla ortaya çikiyor. Onyillarca dini hizmet yapiyormus gibi hareket ediyor, millet kendilerine güveniyor ve destekliyor. Varini, yogunu bu hizmete vakfediyor. Fakat isin aslinda, bu cemaat devleti içinden oyuyor, disgüçlerle isbirligi yapiyor, devletin tüm kilit noktalarina gelmeye çalisiyor, santaj ile rakiplerini ortadan kaldiriyor. Yani dini hizmet yerine tamamen dünyevi ve mafyavari islerle ugrasiyor. Masal veya aksiyon filmi gibi gelen bu yazdiklarimiz gerçegin ta kendisi. Gülen Hareketi olarak bilinin FETÖ tam anmaliyla bu sekilde hareket etti ve insanlarin güvenini istismar etti. Sosyolojik olarak toplumun dini kavramlara yönelik inancini sarsti. Elinizdeki arastirma bu yapilanmayi sosyolojik olarak ele aliyor. Dini bir cemaatin nasil bir örgüte dönüstügünü gösteriyor. Hareketin yapilanmasi, organizasyon sekli, tarihi, hedefleri, metotlari ve yurtdisindaki yapilanmasi analiz ediliyor. Özellikle Gülen ́in dogumundan 80 ́li yillara kadar fazla bilinmeyen hayati inceleniyor ve kendisiyle o zamanlari yol arkadasligi yapan sahislarla kitap için görüsülüyor.
Effectively managing increasingly scarce transboundary water resources in many parts of the world may become one of the most critical challenges facing the international community in the 21st century. Global warming is expected to exacerbate the existing problems of water scarcity in Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia, and threatens to affect even relatively water-secure regions and countries. Global freshwater resources are shrinking at an increasing pace. Forty percent of the world's population depends on transboundary water resources, a situation that raises serious concerns at the international level. Unresolved issues of water resource use and allocation may create the potential f...