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Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains
The cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is a key determinant of neuronal information transfer and processing. It controls a plethora of fundamental processes, including transmitter release and the induction of synaptic plasticity. This enigmatic second messenger conveys its wide variety of actions by binding to a subgroup of Ca2+ binding proteins (CaBPs) known as “Ca2+ sensors”. Well known examples of Ca2+ sensors are Troponin-C in skeletal muscle, Synaptotagmin in presynaptic terminals, and Calmodulin (CaM) in all eukaryotic cells. Since the levels of [Ca2+]i directly influence the potency of Ca2+ sensors, the Ca2+ concentration is tightly controlled by several mechanisms incl...
Molecular Nanomachines of the Presynaptic Terminal
Synaptic transmission is the basis of neuronal communication and is thus the most important element in brain functions, ranging from sensory input to information processing. Changes in synaptic transmission can result in the formation or dissolution of memories, and can equally lead to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The proteins composing the synapse, and their respective functions, are getting increasingly known. One aspect that has become evident in the last years is that most synaptic functions are performed not by single proteins, but by highly organized multi-protein machineries, which interact dynamically to provide responses optimally suited to the needs of the neuronal network. To decipher synaptic and neuronal function, it is essential to understand the organisational, morphological and functional aspects of the molecular nanomachines that operate at the synapse. We discuss these aspects in 11 different chapters, focusing on the structure and function of the active zone, on the functional anatomy of the synaptic vesicle, and on some of the best known soluble protein complexes from the synapse, including those involved in endocytosis and vesicle recycling.
Patch-Clamp Analysis
Patch-Clamp Analysis: Advanced Techniques describes in reproducible detail all applications that involve patch pipet. Beginning with updated basic patch-clamp techniques, the book presents the newest developments, ranging from fast external solution switching and the switching of the pipet solution during recording, to the loose patch, the perforated patch, and the patch cram detection technique. The advanced techniques covered combine molecular biology and imaging to produce the patch pipet with RT-PCR and fluorometric techniques.
An Introduction to Veterinary Medicine Engineering
Do cephalopods change color when under distress? Is the reptilian heart analogous to a diaphragm positive displacement pump? Are digital twins the answer for animal experimentation? This book explores the new field of veterinary engineering science and discusses how to better measure vital signs in exotic and companion animals. A vast opportunity exists for developing novel technologies that target reductions to the number of invasive procedures patients are subjected to. We examine improvements to animal care and enhancement of animal welfare while creating a more sustainable veterinary healthcare ecosystem. The authors address the challenges engineers face in designing healthcare equipment...
Physiologie des Menschen
Mensch - erklärt Wie entsteht Durst? Warum brauchen wir Schlaf? Weshalb kommen wir außer Atem? In der Physiologie lernen Sie, wie der Mensch „funktioniert“. Von der Atmung bis zur Zellphysiologie, von Hirn, Herz und Niere, im Schmidt/Lang/Heckmann ist alles Physiologische enthalten, was Sie für Ihr Studium benötigen. Die Autoren –ausschließlich renommierte Experten – erklären ihr Fachgebiet auf anschauliche Weise. Ein „roter Faden“ fasst die Kernaussagen zusammen, über 1100 Abbildungen unterstützen das visuelle Lernen und über 200 Klinikboxen schlagen den Bogen zum klinischen Alltag. Ganz neu in der 31. Auflage: Das beiliegende Repetitorium! Es dient als Lernleitfaden und ideale Wiederholung vor der Prüfung. Alle prüfungsrelevanten Inhalte der Kapitel sind hier noch einmal ganz kompakt in Stichpunkten zusammengestellt. Das Repetitorium können Sie überall mitnehmen und haben so immer das Wichtigste zur Hand. Die perfekte Kombination zum Nachschlagen und Lernen! Der Schmidt/Lang/Heckmann ist Ihr Begleiter durch das ganze Studium.
