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Policy Coherence in Development Co-operation
In the 1990s, a shared conviction emerged among aid donors that their policies should be more coherent. The drive towards increased policy coherence came as a response to a state of policy incoherence. The shifting grounds of policy coherence in development co-operation are outlined in this volume.
From Technology Transfer to Technology Management in China
Access to science and technology worldwide is achieved by active participation in open international scientific research, as well as through technological capability that is decisive in catching up with world developments in science and technology. In other words, it is the "national system of innovation" which determines a country's assimilation capacity. The universities, research institutions, the technological infrastructure, industrial training schemes, information networks and technical institutions in general provide the foundation for a solid, steady development. Therefore policies directed toward strengthening the national system of innovation are essential for a catching-up strateg...
The Newly Industrializing Economies of Asia
Where development is concerned, our language and perhaps our way of thinking often ap pear somewhat distorted. If anything, the Asian economies with their most impressive and dynamic growth should logically be called developing countries. Instead, we call them threshold countries, newly industrializing countries (NICs) or newly industrializing eco nomies (NIEs), the latter term taking into account the Chinese argument that Hong Kong and Taiwan should not be considered countries. During the eighties, when Latin American NICs became the main victims of the debt crisis, the NIEs of East Asia (EANIEs), the little tigers or dragons, presented most impres sive examples of growth through orientatio...
Political Gain and Civilian Pain
The use of sanctions is increasing in the post-Cold War world. Along with this increase, the international community must ask itself whether sanctions 'work, ' in the sense that they incite citizens to change or overthrow an offending government, and whether sanctions are really less damaging than the alternative of war. Here for the first time, sanctions and humanitarian aid experts converge on these questions and consider the humanitarian impacts of sanctions along with their potential political benefits. The results show that often the most vulnerable members of targeted societies pay the price of sanctions, and that in addition, the international system is called upon to compensate the victims for the undeniable pain they have suffered. Well-chosen case studies of South Africa, Iraq, the former Yugoslavia, and Haiti illustrate how much pain the community of states is willing to inflict upon civilians in the quest for political gains. Together with an analytical framework and policy conclusions, this important book seeks to clarify the range of options and strategies to policymakers who impose sanctions and to humanitarian officials who operate in sanctioned environments
Hard Choices
Since Somalia, the international community has found itself changing its view of humanitarian intervention. Operations designed to alleviate suffering and achieve peace sometimes produce damaging results. The United Nations, nongovernmental organizations, military and civilian agencies alike find themselves in the midst of confusion and weakness where what they seek are clarity and stability. Competing needs, rights, and values can obscure even the best international efforts to quell violence and assuage crises of poverty. More attention must be paid to the complexity of issues and moral dilemmas involved. This volume of original essays by international policy leaders, practitioners, and sch...
A Concise Encyclopedia of the United Nations
This English edition of the German "Lexikon der Vereinten Nationen" provides concise and comprehensive information not only about the structure of the UN system, its goals and functions, but about recent developments and reform efforts in the face of global opportunities and challenges. The contributing authors are academic scholars of international law, economics and political sciences; active and former diplomats and UN officials; journalists and members of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and offer a variety of interesting perspectives. The entries are provided with Internet addresses for further information and are supplemented in the annex with a trilingual list (English-French-Ge...
Europe, Japan and America in the 1990s
Competition and cooperation between Japan, Europe and USA is the key issue of this book - both at government and business levels. Both short-term and long-termin competitive cooperation between Western and Japanese firms and institutions can be fruitful. Cooperation however, provides no easy solutions to problems which Western economies have been unable to solve on their own. Governments as well as companies are often unprepared for cooperation with Japan within the framework of larger-scale projects. On theother hand, Japan itself still lacks the leadership capacities to match its present economic and technological dominance. Thus the Japanese strategyfor a Number Two role in cooperation with the USA and the EC is described. The discussion focuses on the implications of US/Japanese relations for Europe. It further highlights future relations between the US and Japan in the field of technology, and also deals with the EC/Japan context.
Humanitarian Action and Peace Keeping Operations
This is the third work in the series of conferences held in Singapore on various aspects of United Nations Peacekeeping operations, under the auspices of the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), the Institute of Political Studies (IPS) of Singapore and the National Institute for Research Advancement (NIRA) of Japan. The 1997 Conference focused on humanitarian action and peacekeeping operations and brought together key practitioners and scholars from the Security Council, those interested in government, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), other humanitarian NGOs, academics and military personnel. Since the end of the Cold War, the number and complexity...
When only the Sky is the Limit
Kerstin Leitner has worked as a staff member of the United Nations for 30 years from 1975 - 2005. What makes her memoirs interesting to read is the fine combination of practical work and reflections of why the UN is such a unique place to work for. She shows that when working in Africa, the Arab world, China and when introducing modern information and communication technologies globally to the UN, things appear very similar to work in other, national and socio-economic settings and yet they are distinctively different. Ms Leitner's years with the UN span part of the Cold War era and the post-1989 period, when only one superpower remained and the market economies of the Western world began to dominate the global economy. As a German, she was among the first to serve the UN after the two German states joined the world organization in 1973. As a woman, she was among the first generation that broke through the glass ceiling for women and rose to the senior management level.
Jennie Lee
The passionate daughter of a Scottish miner, Lee was a fierce political dissenter who married Nye Bevan on the rebound of an unhappy affair. She was also an MP in her own right, the first Minister for the Arts, and the founder of the Open University.
