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The French countryside is as beloved by the many millions of tourists who visit it each year as it is of French people themselves. But it has not always looked like it does today. An Environmental History of France instead presents the countryside in which people live and work and through which they travel as a human creation across 250 years of economic and cultural change, war and revolution. It is a book about the 'making' of the French landscape and an engrossing story linking human geography, history, agriculture and culture. Showing an awareness of the origins and nature of current ecological and social challenges, Peter McPhee uses a blend of environmental and cultural approaches to paint a vivid picture of rural France's modern history. From the aristocratic control of agrarian resources in the 1770s, to widespread mechanisation in the 19th century, through to the impact of the World Wars and an intriguing discussion about the uncertain future of French rural communities, McPhee provides a nuanced, detailed and absorbing account of a distinctive version of France that is essential to the country's identity.
« Lever le soupçon » qui pèse sur l'impartialité des décisions de justice, est le but avoué de la réforme du Parquet, et de ses liens avec le garde des Sceaux. Exigence universelle, l'impartialité n'a, paradoxalement, jamais été définie juridiquement. Perçue par l'homme, au plus profond de sa conscience du juste et de l'injuste, elle est seulement caractérisée philosophiquement. Pourtant, l'appréciation du caractère - partial ou impartial - des décisions rendues au cours d'un procès pénal, suppose au préalable que soit connu le concept d'impartialité. Cet ouvrage tente de dégager, à partir des textes de lois, de la jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation, et des arrêts...
Intended for history students and general readers, this book introduces and analyzes the dynamics and relationships of the various social groups or classes of 19th-century France - the nobility, bourgeoisie, middle class and petty bourgeoisie.
When is a crime a crime—or an act condoned by a significant portion of society? When is a criminal a criminal—or a revolutionary or a national hero? As the chapters in this collection make clear, what constitutes criminal activity varies, to a degree, among different societies and at different moments in a society's history. In this wide-ranging work, major historians of criminology and penology examine aspects of crime and criminal justice from medieval Western Europe to modern day Canada. In addition to examining crime, the judicial system, and punishment in various societies, the chapters look at the evolution of police systems as societies urbanize and undergo population changes. Together these chapters look at many key questions concerning the modern study of criminal behavior. As such, the volume will be of great interest to researchers and scholars of the history of crime.
L'auteur de ce travail a prospecté méthodiquement les sources conservées tant aux Archives nationales et départementales qu'aux archives militaires. Ce recensement permettra un accès aisé aux documents qui restaient jusqu'à présent éparpillés dans tous ces fonds. «Copyright Electre»
"Bulletin bibliographique" in each number, 1839/1840-1848/1849; "Bibliographie" including "Livres nouveaux" (titles numbered continuously for each year) in each number, 1849-1959.
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