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In recent years, the increase in knowledge about the functioning of the immune system has revealed not only its importance in the defense against external agents such as pathogens or toxins, but also in the control of tumor cells and the importance of the processes of inflammation or immunological tolerance. On the one hand, all this knowledge has allowed a better understanding of the putative pathogenic consequences of immune system dysfunction, which includes inflammatory, autoimmune and immunosuppressive diseases, among others. On the other hand, current knowledge about immunoregulation has paved the way to better prevent or control transplantation rejection. However, such mechanisms unde...
We acknowledge the initiation and support of this Research Topic by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). We hereby state publicly that the IUIS has had no editorial input in articles included in this Research Topic, thus ensuring that all aspects of this Research Topic are evaluated objectively, unbiased by any specific policy or opinion of the IUIS.
The protozoa are the most ancient members of the animal kingdom and they have evolved the intracellular parasitism to ensure their survival strategies. Protozoan parasites that infect humans are extremely diverse among eukaryotes. They are responsible for many human diseases such as amebiasis, Chagas disease, malaria, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis and African sleeping sickness. The ability of protozoans to cause disease depends on the nature and number of infecting organisms, the route of infection, the virulence factors associated with the microorganism, and the strength of host defenses. This host-parasite interaction is also subject to constant change as the infection proceeds and can lead...