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In 1919 a returning World War I veteran named Harry Hahn and his French bride attempted to sell what they thought was a painting by Leonardo Da Vinci in New York. Renowned art dealer Sir Joseph Duveen declared the picture-La Belle Ferronni?re-a fake without ever seeing the canvas. The Hahns sued Duveen for slander, setting off a legal battle that would last for decades. In The American Leonardo, John Brewer traces the twisting path of the Hahn La Belle-a painting of famously uncertain origin--as he illuminates the workings of the twentieth-century art market, exploring such larger questions about the art world such as how attributions are made, how they affect both the status and value of ar...
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The past decade has seen a resurgence of interest in the study of the asymp totic behavior of sums formed from an independent sequence of random variables. In particular, recent attention has focused on the interaction of the extreme summands with, and their influence upon, the sum. As ob served by many authors, the limit theory for sums can be meaningfully expanded far beyond the scope of the classical theory if an "intermediate" portion (i. e. , an unbounded number but a vanishingly small proportion) of the extreme summands in the sum are deleted or otherwise modified (''trimmed',). The role of the normal law is magnified in these intermediate trimmed theories in that most or all of the re...
What is high dimensional probability? Under this broad name we collect topics with a common philosophy, where the idea of high dimension plays a key role, either in the problem or in the methods by which it is approached. Let us give a specific example that can be immediately understood, that of Gaussian processes. Roughly speaking, before 1970, the Gaussian processes that were studied were indexed by a subset of Euclidean space, mostly with dimension at most three. Assuming some regularity on the covariance, one tried to take advantage of the structure of the index set. Around 1970 it was understood, in particular by Dudley, Feldman, Gross, and Segal that a more abstract and intrinsic point of view was much more fruitful. The index set was no longer considered as a subset of Euclidean space, but simply as a metric space with the metric canonically induced by the process. This shift in perspective subsequently lead to a considerable clarification of many aspects of Gaussian process theory, and also to its applications in other settings.
The book systematically presents the theories of pseudo-differential operators with symbols singular in dual variables, fractional order derivatives, distributed and variable order fractional derivatives, random walk approximants, and applications of these theories to various initial and multi-point boundary value problems for pseudo-differential equations. Fractional Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equations associated with a large class of stochastic processes are presented. A complex version of the theory of pseudo-differential operators with meromorphic symbols based on the recently introduced complex Fourier transform is developed and applied for initial and boundary value problems for systems of complex differential and pseudo-differential equations.
Probability limit theorems in infinite-dimensional spaces give conditions un der which convergence holds uniformly over an infinite class of sets or functions. Early results in this direction were the Glivenko-Cantelli, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Donsker theorems for empirical distribution functions. Already in these cases there is convergence in Banach spaces that are not only infinite-dimensional but nonsep arable. But the theory in such spaces developed slowly until the late 1970's. Meanwhile, work on probability in separable Banach spaces, in relation with the geometry of those spaces, began in the 1950's and developed strongly in the 1960's and 70's. We have in mind here also work on sample...
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For almost fifty years, Richard M. Dudley has been extremely influential in the development of several areas of Probability. His work on Gaussian processes led to the understanding of the basic fact that their sample boundedness and continuity should be characterized in terms of proper measures of complexity of their parameter spaces equipped with the intrinsic covariance metric. His sufficient condition for sample continuity in terms of metric entropy is widely used and was proved by X. Fernique to be necessary for stationary Gaussian processes, whereas its more subtle versions (majorizing measures) were proved by M. Talagrand to be necessary in general. Together with V. N. Vapnik and A. Y....