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JIMD Reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a Mendelian disorder.
JIMD Reports publishes case and short research reports in the area of inherited metabolic disorders. Case reports highlight some unusual or previously unrecorded feature relevant to the disorder or serve as an important reminder of clinical or biochemical features of a Mendelian disorder.
Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism are a heterogeneous subgroup of inborn errors that are caused by mutations in human genes coding for proteins involved in carbohydrate catabolic and anabolic pathways. Through the breakdown of sugars, carbohydrate catabolism allows a constant supply of energy (e.g. glycolysis), but also involves the breakdown of the cell’s complex oligosaccharides (e.g. lysosomal degradation of surface glycoconjugates) allowing the recycling of monosaccharides. On the other hand, anabolism of carbohydrates (e.g. gluconeogenesis) is required to supply newly synthesized sugars to catabolic pathways, also allowing interconversion of sugars and sustaining the synthetic pathways of complex carbohydrate structures such as glycosaminoglycans and glycans that are the carbohydrate moiety of glycoconjugates involved in multiple biological functions.
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are caused by a deficiency of lysosomal enzyme activities needed to degrade glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharides. GAGs include: Chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), heparan sulfate (HS), keratan sulfate (KS), and hyaluronan. Their catabolism may be blocked singly or in combination depending on the specific enzyme deficiency. There are eleven known enzyme deficiencies, resulting in seven distinct forms of MPS with a collective incidence higher than 1 in 25,000 live births. Accumulation of undegraded metabolites in lysosomes gives rise to distinct clinical syndromes. Generally, the cli...