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Memory T Cells
Immunological memory has fascinated microbiologists and immunologists for decades as one of the new frontiers to conquer to better understand the response to pathogens, cancer and vaccination. Over the past decade, attention has turned to the intrinsic properties of the memory T cells themselves, as it has become clear that the eradication of both infected cells and tumors requires T cells. This book is an attempt to capture the wave of discoveries associated with these recent studies. Its chapters represent a wide collection of topics related to memory T cells by laboratories that have invested their skills and knowledge to understand the biology and the principles upon which memory T cells are generated, maintained and expanded upon re-encounter with antigen. Ultimately, these studies are all aimed at a better understanding of the function of memory T cells in protection against disease.
Antibodies
Antibodies have always been vital to any major progress within immunology. From diagnostic tools to vehicles for modern therapy against cancer, infections, and autoimmune diseases, antibodies serve many purposes, yet our knowledge of them, their properties, and structural characteristics is still incomplete. A comprehensive review of topics of contemporary interest for specialists in B cell immunology, this volume investigates such topics as aspects of antibody-protein antigen interactions; immunoglobin genes; genome organization and expression; and intrabodies. Exciting, innovative technological developments used for exploring new areas of study and medical applications are also covered. Traditional aspects of the field are revisited so that relevant information and concepts are maintained as a point of reference to more modern aspects.
Antibodies
Antibodies have always been vital to any major progress within immunology. From diagnostic tools to vehicles for modern therapy against cancer, infections and autoimmune diseases, antibodies serve many purposes, yet our knowledge of them, their properties and structural characteristics is still incomplete. The Antibodies: Volume 2 is a comprehensive review of topics of contemporary interest for specialists in B cell immunology. This volume investigates such topics as sequencing the variable regions of human antibodies directed against exogenous antigens; a review of the protective immune response; a review of the utilization of the VH4-34 (VH4-21) gene segment in normal, neoplastic and autoimmune repertoires; and a review of antigenized antibodies. Exciting, innovative technological developments used for exploring new areas of study and medical applications are also covered. Traditional aspects of the field are revisited so that relevant information and concepts are maintained as a point of reference to more modern aspects.
The Antibodies
From diagnostic tools to therapy against cancer, infections and autoimmune diseases, antibodies serve many purposes, yet our knowledge of them is still incomplete. The Antibodies: Volume 7 continues with a comprehensive review of topics of contemporary interest including major breakthroughs such as the advent of monoclonal antibodies and the develo
Anti-Idiotypic Vaccines
Vaccines have historically been considered to be the most cost-effective method for preventing communicable diseases. It was a vaccine~hat enabled global eradication of the dreaded disease smallpox. Mass immunization of children forms the anchor of the strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) to attain "health for all" status by the year 2000. Vaccinology is undergoing a dimensional change with the advances that have taken place in immunology and genetic engineering. Vaccines that confer short or inadequate immunity or that have side effects are being replaced by better vaccines. New vaccines are being developed for a variety of maladies. Monoclonal antibodies and T cell clones have b...
Antibodies
This book responds to dramatic current developments in molecular and cellular biology, and in the increasingly interrelated disciplines of genetics, immunology/immunotherapy and microbiology. Advances in molecular biology, genetic engineering, cloning and DNA sequencing have made it possible to model, design, and produce specific-purpose antibody molecules. This ability to alter molecular/protein structures, and even create new ''tailor-made'' molecules and proteins, is a quantum leap for both basic science and clinical medicine. The Antibodies: Volume 1 shows the applications of engineered antibodies in diagnosis immunotherapy, and protein purification, and provides new insights into the structural basis of antigen binding, effector functions, and regulation of the immune response. These therapeutic and practical uses of antibody engineering are possible by focusing on established as well as emergent concepts, methods, and techniques.
Progress in Vaccinology
Vaccines have historically been considered to be the most cost-effective method for preventing communicable diseases. It was a vaccine that en abled global eradication of the dreaded disease smallpo. .
T Lymphocytes
This volume contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held in Porto Conte (Alghero), Sardinia, September 15-27, 1991. The A. S. 1. was attended by 86 graduate and postgraduate students from 18 different countries, and was hosted by the newly founded International Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Porto Conte, directed by Prof. Marcello Siniscalco. The A. S. I. was funded by NATO Scientific Affairs Division, the International Union of Immunological Societies, the European Community (Directorate General for Science, Research and Development), the Italian Research Council, and the San Raffaele Institute of Milano. In addition, a number of students who reside in the U. S. received travel funds from the U. S. National Science Foundation, and the Turkish National Fund provided financial assistance to several students from Turkey. When we decided to organize a course on T lymphocytes, our concern was to reach a balance between the teaching of both the hard core principles and the latest experimental findings of cellular immunology, and the recently expanded interfaces with the not-yet known: hypotheses, speCUlations, new projections to be born from the discussions.
Images of Biologically Active Structures in the Immune System
The diversity of antigen-binding structures of antibody molecules is so vast that every conceivable antigen can be bound by an antibody molecule within the immune system. This is true even for the antigen binding sites of antibodies called idiotypes, which are bound by complementary bind ing sites of other antibodies called anti-idiotypes. Thus, anti-idiotypes are structural homologues of antigens. These idiotypic-anti-idiotypic interactions constitute a network within the immune system. Since one lymphocyte produces only one type of antibody molecule, this network is in fact a network of cells. We expect that the network is functional: the appearance of antigen will disturb the equilibrium ...
