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Anthropogenic Impacts on the Microbial Ecology and Function of Aquatic Environments
Aquatic ecosystems are currently experiencing unprecedented levels of impact from human activities including over-exploitation of resources, habitat destruction, pollution and the influence of climate change. The impacts of these activities on the microbial ecology of aquatic environments are only now beginning to be defined. One of the many implications of environmental degradation and climate change is the geographical expansion of disease- causing microbes such as those from the Vibrio genus. Elevating sea surface temperatures correlate with increasing Vibrio numbers and disease in marine animals (e.g. corals) and humans. Contamination of aquatic environments with heavy metals and other p...
The multiple roles of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in nature
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance have most commonly been viewed in the context of human use and effects. However, both have co-existed in nature for millennia. Recently the roles of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes have started to be discussed in terms of functions other than bacterial inhibition and protection. This special topic will focus on both the traditional role of antibiotics as warfare mechanisms and their alternative roles and uses within nature such as antibiotics as signals or communication mechanisms, antibiotic selection at low concentrations, the non-specific role of resistance mechanisms in nature: e.g. efflux pumps, evolution of antibiotic resistance and the role of persisters in natural antibiotic resistance.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Agriculture and its Consequences
This book offers comprehensive coverage of all manifestations of resistance in combating infectious diseases and explores advances in antimicrobial resistance in agriculture and their applications in the fight against microbes. It discusses and compares biological, biochemical, and structural aspects of resistance and its evolution. This is a comprehensive tool covering all manifestations of antimicrobial resistance and microbial resistance genes. In addition, it also provides a variety of photographs, diagrams, and tables to help illustrate the material. Novel strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance are also described, emphasizing collaborative measures of control. The underlining mol...
Creativity, Problem Solving, and Aesthetics in Engineering
This book illuminates what engineering is and how it relates to other disciplines such as art, architecture, law, economics, science, technology, and even religion. The author explains, from an intrinsic as well as descriptive perspective, why engineering is essential for our collective well-being, and how, like medicine, it is undertaken by people, and for people, to improve the human condition. He brings out the 'magic' of engineering practice as well as addressing the darker aspects such as warfare and the misuse of the internet. A too commonly held view assumes that the practice of engineers is a cold, purely quantitative and wholly technical enterprise of applying know science, and devo...
Life, Love and Children
Discussion of bioscience ethics requires understanding of the science that underpins biological systems impinging on our lives. Unencumbered by the formal structure of ethics, bioethics presents a forum for discussion of practical matters of individual and collective concern. This comprehensive text is a guide to the essentials of bioscience ethics and an interface between applied science and applied bioethics. Early chapters embrace topics affecting human reproduction – substance abuse and parenthood, aging gametes and congenital malformations, child abuse and its biological consequences. Intermediate chapters deal with end-of-life care and euthanasia, human fertility, assisted reproductive technologies, genetic engineering, and cloning. Remaining chapters challenge human-dominated ecosystems. Population growth, economic activity, and warfare – with its environmental consequences – are reviewed. A background section describes the evolution of ethical consciousness, explores the future, and proposes that the reworking of ethical boundaries can enhance mature decision-making in harmony with changing technology.
Austral Ark
A detailed, research-informed synthesis of the current issues facing the Australasian biota and the challenges involved in their conservation.
