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This book is devoted to the PSI method. Its appearance was a reaction to the unsatisfactory situation in applications of optimization methods in engineering. After comprehensive testing of the PSI method in various fields of machine engineering it has become obvious that this method substantially surpasses all other available techniques in many respects. It has now become known that the PSI method is successfully used not only in machine design, at which it was initially aimed, but also in polymer chemistry, pharmacy, nuclear energy, biology, geophysics, and many other fields of human activity. To all appearances this method has become so popular for its potential of taking into account the ...
The aim of this work is to present in a unified approach a series of results concerning totally convex functions on Banach spaces and their applications to building iterative algorithms for computing common fixed points of mea surable families of operators and optimization methods in infinite dimen sional settings. The notion of totally convex function was first studied by Butnariu, Censor and Reich [31] in the context of the space lRR because of its usefulness for establishing convergence of a Bregman projection method for finding common points of infinite families of closed convex sets. In this finite dimensional environment total convexity hardly differs from strict convexity. In fact, a ...
This book collects selected presentations of the Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation, which took place at the Department of Ma- ematics at Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg (or, Gothenburg), Sweden, September 9–11, 1998. [The EURO Working Group on Transpor- tion was founded at the end of the 7th EURO Summer Institute on Urban Traffic Management, which took place in Cetraro, Italy, June 21–July, 1991. There were around 30 founding members of the Working Group, a number which now has grown to around 150. Meetings since then include Paris (1993), Barcelona (1994), and Newcastle (1996). ] About 100 participants were present, enjoying healthy rain and a memorable co...
Attiat Ott and Richard Cebula have recognised the need to present, in an accessible and straightforward way, the voluminous literature in the public economics arena. Advances in econometric techniques and the spillover of knowledge from other disciplines made it difficult, not only for students but also for lecturers, to accurately find the information they need. This major Companion addresses a wealth of topics common to the study of both public economics and public choice including questions such as: How does one structure the whole spectrum of public finance in a manageable framework? What is Wagner s Law really about and what does empirical testing tell us? How binding is the budget cons...
This volume contains the edited texts of the lectures presented at the Workshop on Nonlinear Optimization held in Erice, Sicily, at the "G. Stampacchia" School of Mathematics of the "E. Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture, June 23 -July 2, 1998. In the tradition of these meetings, the main purpose was to review and discuss recent advances and promising research trends concerning theory, algorithms and innovative applications in the field of Nonlinear Optimization, and of related topics such as Convex Optimization, Nonsmooth Optimization, Variational Inequalities and Complementarity Problems. The meeting was attended by 83 people from 21 countries. Besides the lectures, several formal and...
After the pioneering works by Robbins {1944, 1945) and Choquet (1955), the notation of a set-valued random variable (called a random closed set in literatures) was systematically introduced by Kendall {1974) and Matheron {1975). It is well known that the theory of set-valued random variables is a natural extension of that of general real-valued random variables or random vectors. However, owing to the topological structure of the space of closed sets and special features of set-theoretic operations ( cf. Beer [27]), set-valued random variables have many special properties. This gives new meanings for the classical probability theory. As a result of the development in this area in the past more than 30 years, the theory of set-valued random variables with many applications has become one of new and active branches in probability theory. In practice also, we are often faced with random experiments whose outcomes are not numbers but are expressed in inexact linguistic terms.
A basic problem for the interconnection of communications media is to design interconnection networks for specific needs. For example, to minimize delay and to maximize reliability, networks are required that have minimum diameter and maximum connectivity under certain conditions. The book provides a recent solution to this problem. The subject of all five chapters is the interconnection problem. The first two chapters deal with Cayley digraphs which are candidates for networks of maximum connectivity with given degree and number of nodes. Chapter 3 addresses Bruijn digraphs, Kautz digraphs, and their generalizations, which are candidates for networks of minimum diameter and maximum connectivity with given degree and number of nodes. Chapter 4 studies double loop networks, and Chapter 5 considers broadcasting and the Gossiping problem. All the chapters emphasize the combinatorial aspects of network theory. Audience: A vital reference for graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics and theoretical computer science.
Research on Singapore's economic history has been complicated by the absence of economic data on pre-independence Singapore. This book sheds light on two key aspects of Singapore's economic history, namely the relationship between economic instability and growth, as well as the government's fiscal policy towards economic growth.
Twice a year, the OECD Economic Outlook analyses the major trends that will mark the next two years. This edition includes special features on the "new economy", changing house prices, and the economic effects of immigration.