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Functionally diverse team members bring unique sets of cognitive styles to team interaction; it is less clear how these differences affect the exchange of critical, mutually required team information. This cognitive diversity in new product design (NPD) teams increases the likelihood that individual team members will perceive the team's task differently, leading to "cognitive representational gaps" between teammates' interpretations of both the task and potential solution. This research shows that cognitively diverse NPD teams develop representational gaps based on individual cognitive preferences between convergent and divergent information types and these cognitive preferences influence both task definition and solution. A second experiment shows that team leadership that bridges cognitive preferences, called "pivot thinking, " can overcome this limiting behavior. Understanding these general mechanisms deepens understanding of group information processing and conflict in cognitively diverse NPD teams. Implications for design education are discussed.
Come si vive oggi in Italia? Dove sta andando il Paese, e perché? Una riflessione sui vizi e sulle virtù degli Italiani nei giorni della globalizzazione.Vizi che stanno portando la Penisola sempre più indietro rispetto agli altri Paesi. E virtù dimenticate e sbeffeggiate.La sociobiologia insegna che se è vero che all'interno di un gruppo l'egoismo batte l'altruismo, i gruppi altruistici battono i gruppi egoistici.Un Paese di "fessi"va meglio di un Paese di furbi. Per tornare a crescere occorre riscoprire le virtù dimenticate. Dare di nuovo importanza all'etica, e smettere di premiare i comportamenti amorali. Dare di nuovo importanza all'istruzione, e premiare il merito. Ascoltare le donne e dare loro quello che chiedono - lavoro e servizi - per risolvere il problema demografico e accrescere il Pil e il benessere.L'Italia di sempre è la versione aggiornata di alcuni capitoli di Che cosa si dice dell'Italia.
This Handbook surveys existing descriptive and experimental approaches to the study of anxiety and related disorders, emphasizing the provision of empirically-guided suggestions for treatment. Based upon the findings from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the chapters collected here highlight contemporary approaches to the classification, presentation, etiology, assessment, and treatment of anxiety and related disorders. The collection also considers a biologically-informed framework for the understanding of mental disorders proposed by the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). The RDoC has begun to create a new kind of taxonomy for mental disorders by bringing the power of modern research approaches in genetics, neuroscience, and behavioral science to the problem of mental illness. The framework is a key focus for this book as an authoritative reference for researchers and clinicians.
In the light of the considerable reliance placed by the international business community on systems of dispute settlement, this work gathers together contributions (in French & English) by experts from a wide range of specialisations. They successfully address the regulation & practice of arbitration in the Arab World, assessing the contribution of European & American legislation & the impact of the UNCITRAL model law. The contributions by eminent legal practitioners, academics, members of government & judiciary, reflect also upon current developments. The volume publishes the proceedings of the third Euro-Arab Congress held in Amman, October 1989; the second volume Euro-Arab Arbitration II was published in 1989 by Graham & Trotman.