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Center of Military History Publication 72 8. Discusses the Guadalcanal campaign in the Pacific Ocean, which took place from August 7, 1942-February 21, 1943. Illustrated with color maps and black and white photographs. Includes suggestions for further reading
In the fiscal area, the primary budget balance of São Tomé and Príncipe has turned around from a deficit of 2.2 percent of GDP in 1997 to a surplus of 0.7 percent of GDP in 1998 (Dobra 1.9 billion). The primary surplus is estimated to have increased further to 1.3 percent of GDP in 1999. Monetary policy has remained tight in 1999, as the central bank has maintained the reserve requirement ratio at 22 percent and commercial banks have kept their savings and lending rates substantially above the central bank reference interest rate.
This second volume from the United Nations Intellectual History Project surveys the history of the UN's regional commissions and the ideas they have developed over the last 40 years. Each essay is devoted to one of the five regional commissions -- Europe, Asia and the Far East, Latin America, Africa, and Western Asia -- and how it has approached its mission of assessing the condition of regional economies and making prognoses about future conditions. The essays describe how each commission has added local perspectives to global debates over economic development and brought an authentic regional voice to the UN. Contributors are Adebayo Adedeji, Yves Berthelot, Leelananda de Silva, Blandine Destremau, Paul Rayment, and Gert Rosenthal.
Globalization and unemployment are two phenomena which are amongst the most widely discussed subjects in the economic debate today. Often, globalization is regarded as being responsible for the increase in unemployment, particularly in unskilled labor. This book deals with the correlation between globalization and unemployment under various aspects: historical aspects of globalization, empirical trends and theoretical explanations of unemployment, effects of globalization in general and of European Monetary Union in particular on umemployment, labor market policy in a global economy, the impact of fiscal policy on unemployment in a global economy, as well as the effects of globalization on inflation and national stabilization policy.
The euro area remains in a state of flux and appears to be unsustainable in its present form. The outcome of the crisis may be unknown for years and a judgement on the project’s success or failure may be out of reach for decades. In the meantime, analysts, portfolio managers and traders will still have daily, weekly, quarterly and annual benchmarks. They will have to analyze economic developments in the euro area and their impacts on financial assets. The objective of this book is to provide a framework for that analysis that is comprehensible to most financial market participants. The book begins with a focus on coincident and leading economic indicators for the euro area. The following section looks at euro-area institutions. The next chapter focuses on the euro crisis. It attempts to provide an explanation of its origins and a glimpse of the potential outcomes. In addition, the tools needed to analyze the crisis as it evolves are presented. The last sections provide information unique to the economies of Germany, France, the U.K., Switzerland, Sweden and Norway.
The papers published in this volume are based on an IMF seminar held in 2000 that covered a broad range of topics on monetary and financial law, such as the liberalization of capital movements, data dissemination, responsibilities of central banks, and the IMF’s goals in financial surveillance and architecture. Participants addressed recent issues in the financial sector, including those related to payment systems and supervision of financial institutions. Updates dealt with Internet banking, bank secrecy, and currency arrangements-including dollarization. Participants discussed the recent activities of the other international financial institutions, which included the European Central Bank and the International Finance Corporation. Prevention of financial crises was also discussed, with reference to the distinct roles of the IMF and the private sector.
This paper reports about the IMF and its activities, and particularly its technical assistance activities, the Japan Administered Account for Selected Fund Activities (JSA)—its objectives, size and scope, and use—with a focus on fiscal year 2002 and the scholarship programs. As the IMF seeks to meet its mandate, the demand on its technical assistance resources is expected to increase in a variety of areas, including helping countries to build capacity for their anti-money laundering and combating financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) efforts; to adopt and adhere to international standards and codes for financial, fiscal, and statistical management; to help Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs) design and manage debt reduction programs; and to help low-income countries formulate and implement poverty reduction strategies. The Japan-IMF Scholarship Program for Asia supports a 12-month course of graduate studies in Japan in macroeconomics or related fields for students from Asia and the Pacific and Central Asia, and is administered by the Regional Office in Tokyo.