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Based on interviews and field research, the authors explore the sets of ideas Arab tribespeople from Ras Al-Khaimah had about tribe and community; social and economic networks, and jural contracts for livelihoods and profits; their uses of their environments; the moral relations of credit, debt and labour; ruling; economic and political transformations; and ideas of regional history where conflicts were regarded as disputes over sets of ideas, and informal accounts of tribal and local histories. Their lively descriptions and explanations of life before oil portrayed tribal societies whose relationships were moral rather than political and were between jurally equal persons. All lived from their own resources; 'wealth' was material self-sufficiency; 'riches' the richness of social relationships. Political arenas were decentralised and underpinned by common cultural and moral values. Published sources give a wider context to these ideas and events which show the great complexity and differing perspectives of 'life before oil' in the Gulf.
History of Chess by H. J. R. Murray is widely regarded as the most authoritative and most comprehensive history of the game. Murray's aim is threefold: to present as complete a record as is possible of the varieties of chess that exist or have existed in different parts of the world; to investigate the ultimate origin of these games and the circumstances of the invention of chess; and to trace the development of the modern European game from the first appearance of its ancestor, the Indian chaturanga, in the beginning of the 7th century. The first part of the book describes the history of the Asiatic varieties of chess, the Arabic and Persian literature on chess, and the theory and practice of the game of shatranj. The second part is concerned with chess in Europe in the Middle Ages, its role in literature and in the moralities, and with medieval chess problems, leading up to the beginning of modern chess and the history of the modern game through to the 19th century.
Kapan pun dan bagaimana pun kondisi kehidupan, jika orang-orang shalih bijaksana dan berbudi luhur hadir di tengah-tengahnya, niscaya hidup menjadi indah dan bahagia. Alangkah indahnya bila sosok Abu Bakar hidup di tengah kita; dia akan menyayangi dan menyantuni orang-orang lemah dan membutuhkan, serta menjadikan orang-orang dalam satu ikatan kebersamaan. Betapa damainya hidup, jika ada sosok Umar bin Kaththab; yang akan tampil gagah berapi menyandarkan orang-orang zhalim dan para pembuat kerusakan, juga menghilangkan tindak kesewenang-wenangan. Betapa sejahteranya langkah hidup kita, jika tercipta sosok Utsman bin Affan; yang akan memberikan bantuan kepada orang-orang miskin, para dhuafa dan orang-orang yang tertimpa musibah. Bahagianya hidup ini, jika sosok Ali bin Abi Thalib bersama kita, keadilan menjadi milik seluruh kalangan, kebijaksanaan menjadi baju bersama setiap pejabat dan rakyat biasa. Juga, betapa bahagia dan bermartabatnya kita, kalau di abad ini tersebar para sahabat Nabi yang akan mengharumkan dan meninggikan Islam dan umatnya. Buku persembahan penerbit MaghfirahPustaka #MaghfirahPustaka
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