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Information Technology Research, Innovation, and E-Government
Governments have done much to leverage information technology to deploy e-government services, but much work remains before the vision of e-government can be fully realized. Information Technology Research, Innovation, and E-government examines the emerging visions for e-government, the technologies required to implement them, and approaches that can be taken to accelerate innovation and the transition of innovative information technologies from the laboratory to operational government systems. In many cases, government can follow the private sector in designing and implementing IT-based services. But there are a number of areas where government requirements differ from those in the commercial world, and in these areas government will need to act on its role as a "demand leader." Although researchers and government agencies may appear to by unlikely allies in this endeavor, both groups have a shared interest in innovation and meeting future needs. E-government innovation will require addressing a broad array of issues, including organization and policy as well as engineering practice and technology research and development, and each of these issues is considered in the book.
Assessing the Impacts of Changes in the Information Technology R&D Ecosystem
The U.S. information technology (IT) research and development (R&D) ecosystem was the envy of the world in 1995. However, this position of leadership is not a birthright, and it is now under pressure. In recent years, the rapid globalization of markets, labor pools, and capital flows have encouraged many strong national competitors. During the same period, national policies have not sufficiently buttressed the ecosystem, or have generated side effects that have reduced its effectiveness. As a result, the U.S. position in IT leadership today has materially eroded compared with that of prior decades, and the nation risks ceding IT leadership to other nations within a generation. Assessing the Impacts of Changes in the Information Technology R&D Ecosystem calls for a recommitment to providing the resources needed to fuel U.S. IT innovation, to removing important roadblocks that reduce the ecosystem's effectiveness in generating innovation and the fruits of innovation, and to becoming a lead innovator and user of IT. The book examines these issues and makes recommendations to strengthen the U.S. IT R&D ecosystem.
Recommendations for National Documents Handling Systems in Science and Technology
USA. Report on the need for a national level system of handling documentation and library material in the fields of science and technology - includes statement of the problem, study of general management requirements and systems requirements, review of legislation and of advanced information systems involving automation and the use of computer equipment, etc., conclusions and recommendations. Selected references, bibliography and glossary.
Being Fluent with Information Technology
In response to a request from the National Science Foundation, the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board of the National Research Council initiated a study in August 1997 to address the subject of information technology literacy. The intent of this report is to lay an intellectual framework for "fluency with information technology," or "FITness," that is useful for others in developing discipline-specific and/or grade-appropriate efforts to promote FITness. Chapter 1 addresses the question, "Why know about information technology?" In Chapter 2, each of the dimensions of FITness outlined in the first chapter is defined and explained more carefully. Chapter 3 discusses several collateral issues associated with the FITness framework. Chapter 4 addresses "implementational efforts" which are necessarily tied to specific grade levels. In the case of this report, they are tied to college undergraduates. Appendixes include: (A) illustrative projects, (B) related works, (C) individuals who briefed the committee, (D) workshop participants and questions posted on the internet, and (E) members of the committee.(AEF)
Fostering Integrity in Research
The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and th...
