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Neutrosophic Logic - A Generalization of the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic
In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy logic (IFL) and other logics to neutrosophic logic (NL). The differences between IFL and NL (and the corresponding intuitionistic fuzzy set and neutrosophic set) are pointed out.
Introduction to Neutrosophic Logic
Neutrosophic Logic was created by Florentin Smarandache (1995) and is an extension / combination of the fuzzy logic, intuitionistic logic, paraconsistent logic, and the thre evalued logics that use an indeterminate value.
About Nonstandard Neutrosophic Logic
The paper intends to answer Imamura’s criticism that we found benefic in better understanding the nonstandard neutrosophic logic – although the nonstandard neutrosophic logic was never used in practical applications.
n-Valued Refined Neutrosophic Logic and Its Applications to Physics
In this paper we present a short history of logics: from particular cases of 2-symbol or numerical valued logic to the general case of n-symbol or numerical valued logic. We show generalizations of 2-valued Boolean logic to fuzzy logic, also from the Kleene’s and Lukasiewicz’ 3-symbol valued logics or Belnap’s 4-symbol valued logic to the most general n-symbol or numerical valued refined neutrosophic logic. Examples of applications of neutrosophic logic to physics are listed in the last section. Similar generalizations can be done for n-Valued Refined Neutrosophic Set, and respectively.
A Unifying Field in Logics: Neutrosophic Logic. Neutrosophy, Neutrosophic Set, Neutrosophic Probability (fourth edition)
N-Norm and N-conorm are extended in Neutrosophic Logic/Set.
Neutrosophic logics: Prospects and problems
Neutrosophy has been introduced some years ago by Florentin Smarandache as a new branch of philosophy dealing with “the origin, nature and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra”.
Neutrosophic Logic Based Quantum Computing
We introduce refined concepts for neutrosophic quantum computing such as neutrosophic quantum states and transformation gates, neutrosophic Hadamard matrix, coherent and decoherent superposition states, entanglement and measurement notions based on neutrosophic quantum states. We also give some observations using these principles. We present a number of quantum computational matrix transformations based on neutrosophic logic and clarify quantum mechanical notions relying on neutrosophic states. The paper is intended to extend the work of Smarandache by introducing a mathematical framework for neutrosophic quantum computing and presenting some results.
Neutrosophic Probability, Set, And Logic (first version)
This project is a part of a National Science Foundation interdisciplinary project proposal. Starting from a new viewpoint in philosophy, the neutrosophy, one extends the classical "probability theory", "fuzzy set" and "fuzzy logic" to
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Neutrosophy, Neutrosophic Logic, Neutrosophic Set, Neutrosophic Porbability and Statistics
Collected papers on neutrosophics [such as: ?neutrosophy? - a new branch of philosophy, ?neutrosophic logic? ? a generalization of the fuzzy logic, ?neutrosophic set? ? a generalization of the fuzzy set, and ?neutrosophic probability? ? a generalization of classical probability and imprecise probability] by Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert, Andrzej Buller, Mohammad Khoshnevisan, Sarjinder Singh, Sukanto Bhattacharya, Feng Liu, Gh. C. Dinulescu-Campina, Chris Lucas, and Carlos Gershenson.Neutrosophic Logic involved the foundation of the Dezert-Smarandache Theory of Plausible and Paradoxical Reasoning, which has taken into consideration the combination of uncertain and contradictory information, used now in artificial intelligence.
A Review of Seven Applications of Neutrosophic Logic: In Cultural Psychology, Economics Theorizing, Conflict Resolution, Philosophy of Science, etc.
In this short communication, we review seven applications of NFL that we have explored in a number of papers: (1) Background: the purpose of this study is to review how neutrosophic logic can be found useful in a number of diverse areas of interest; (2) Methods: we use logical analysis based on NL; (3) Results: some fields of study may be found elevated after analyzed by NL theory; and (4) Conclusions: we can expect NL theory to be applied in many areas of research too, in applied mathematics, economics, and physics. Hopefully the readers will find a continuing line of thoughts in our research from the last few years.
