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Buried Waste in the Seabed – Acoustic Imaging and Bio-toxicity
Buried waste on the seabed is a major source of pollution. But, very often, waste sites are not known until a serious problem occurs, or are not adequately mapped. Recent examples around Europe include WWI and WWII ammunition dump sites (e.g. Beufort Dyke in the UK), dumped nuclear submarines in the Arctic Seas, clandestine or hidden toxic-waste in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. Even if properly documented, waste sites evolve with time (dumped material can move with currents and tides, especially on a scale of decades; toxic-material barrels can corrode and leak). This book shows the results of a concerted EU-funded effort to tackle this problem and find innovative ways to identify and map toxic waste sites on the seabed, whether they have been covered with sediments or not. These results are applicable to any region on the seabed in the entire world.
Acoustic Investigation of Complex Seabeds
Offshore drilling and constructions require exact knowledge of the geophysical properties of the seabed and sub-seabed, as unexpected objects can slow down or halt projects. This book presents the state-of-the-art in acoustic exploration of the seabed and sub-seabed, from initial designs in the 1980s to commercial contracting and operation of the Acoustic CorerTM in the last decade. The Acoustic CorerTM is a high-definition commercial acoustic sub-bottom imaging system, producing an “acoustic core” within which sub-seabed sedimentary characteristics and discrete buried objects larger than 0.5 m can be identified and mapped. It makes use of the innovative JYG-cross design, inspired by seismic reflection and uses Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS) multi-angle scattering in and within the seabed to deliver unprecedented imagery. This book was written by the inventor of these concepts, a known specialist in seabed acoustics, with help from an experienced academic and author. It is intended first and foremost as a “how-to” guide for offshore industries looking at techniques to make the installation of different types of structures safe and efficient.
Harness Horse
None
High Frequency Ocean Acoustics
All papers were peer-reviewed. Sound in the ocean is as fundamental as light in theatmosphere. The high-frequency acoustic band has been little studied in the past; however, new applications such as mine hunting, marine mammal tracking, and communications (the undersea internet) have generated tremendous interest. These peer-reviewed proceedings include 8 invited papers by leading experts in particular areas and collectively survey all aspects of current research in high-frequency acoustics.
